Our study indicated that patients with a tumor size of 3–7 cm had a tendency to have brain metastasis, liver metastasis and lung metastasis. Meanwhile, the results also demonstrated that patients with a tumor size ≥7 cm were more prone to have bone metastasis, brain metastasis, lung metastasis.
Most malignant tumors that metastasize do so within five years after the primary tumor has been detected, so this raises the question of how one can explain “dormancy” among tumor cells for decades.
Cancer that spreads from where it started to a distant part of the body is called metastatic cancer. For many types of cancer, it is also called stage IV (4) cancer. The process by which cancer cells spread to other parts of the body is called metastasis.
Background. Node-negative breast cancers from 2 cm to 5 cm in size are classified as stage ii, and smaller cancers, as stage i.
Tumor size is strongly related to prognosis (chances for survival). In general, the smaller the tumor, the better the prognosis tends to be [12]. Tumor size is part of breast cancer staging. In the TNM staging system, a “T” followed by a number shows the size of the tumor.
Tumor size is related to prognosis (chances for survival) and is part of breast cancer staging. In most cases, the smaller the tumor, the better the prognosis tends to be. A health care provider can estimate the size of the tumor if it can be felt during a physical exam.
Tumor sizes are often measured in centimeters (cm) or inches. Common food items that can be used to show tumor size in cm include: a pea (1 cm), a peanut (2 cm), a grape (3 cm), a walnut (4 cm), a lime (5 cm or 2 inches), an egg (6 cm), a peach (7 cm), and a grapefruit (10 cm or 4 inches).
Stage IA tumors are 3 centimeters (cm) or less in size. Stage IA tumors may be further divided into IA1, IA2, or IA3 based on the size of the tumor. Stage IB tumors are more than 3 cm but 4 cm or less in size.
In stage 2 breast cancer, the tumor measures between 2 cm and 5 cm, or the cancer has spread to the lymph nodes under the arm on the same side as the breast cancer.
T1 (includes T1a, T1b, and T1c): Tumor is 2 cm (3/4 of an inch) or less across. T2: Tumor is more than 2 cm but not more than 5 cm (2 inches) across. T3: Tumor is more than 5 cm across. T4 (includes T4a, T4b, T4c, and T4d): Tumor of any size growing into the chest wall or skin.
The lungs are the most common organ for cancers to spread to. This is because the blood from most parts of the body flows back to the heart and then to the lungs. Cancer cells that have entered the bloodstream can get stuck in the small blood vessels (capillaries) of the lungs.
However certain cancers are more likely to spread to particular areas. For example, here are some common types of cancer and where they commonly metastasize: Breast cancer tends to spread to the bones, liver, lungs, chest wall, and brain. Lung cancer tends to spread to the brain, bones, liver, and adrenal glands.
Metastatic cancer occurs when cancer cells spread from the organ where they started to a distant part of the body. Metastatic cancers are considered stage 4.
One approach is to prevent metastatic cancer instead of treating it after it's already there. The goal of this approach, called adjuvant or neoadjuvant therapy, is to not only shrink the primary tumor, but also to prevent disseminated tumor cells from forming metastatic tumors later on.
This spread is called metastasis. Metastasis can occur anywhere in the body and most commonly is found in the liver, lungs, brain, and bone. Malignant tumors can spread rapidly and require treatment to avoid spread.
5 cm is about the size of a lime. 6 cm is about the size of an egg. 7 cm is about the size of a peach.
T1: The tumor has grown into the submucosa, which is the layer of tissue underneath the mucosa or lining of the colon. T2: The tumor has grown into the muscularis propria, a deeper, thick layer of muscle that contracts to force along the contents of the intestines.
Stage II breast cancers are curable with current multi-modality treatment consisting of surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy and hormonal therapy. Effective treatment of stage II breast cancer requires both local and systemic therapy.
Stage groups for kidney cancer
Stage I: The tumor is 7 cm or smaller and is only located in the kidney. It has not spread to the lymph nodes or distant organs (T1, N0, M0). Stage II: The tumor is larger than 7 cm and is only located in the kidney.
It was observed that tumors < 1 cm in size were benign in 46.3 percent of cases and tumors between 1 and 4 cm were benign approximately 20 percent of the time; conversely, tumors ≥ 7 cm were rarely benign, as only 6.3 percent of cases demonstrated nonmalignant histology.
T1 means the cancer is smaller than 5cm. T2 means the cancer is larger than 5cm, but no larger than 10cm. T3 means the cancer is larger than 10cm, but no larger than 15cm. T4 means the cancer is larger than 15cm.
T1mi is a tumor that is 1 mm or smaller. T1a is a tumor that is larger than 1 mm but 5 mm or smaller. T1b is a tumor that is larger than 5 mm but 10 mm or smaller. T1c is a tumor that is larger than 10 mm but 20 mm or smaller.
CONCLUSIONS. The author makes a plea for greater awareness of potential malignancy in lumps and bumps, particularly those over the size of a golf ball (4.27 cm), making the point that the smaller the tumour at diagnosis the better the prognosis.
Common items that can be used to show tumor size in mm include: a sharp pencil point (1 mm), a new crayon point (2 mm), a pencil-top eraser (5 mm), a pea (10 mm), a peanut (20 mm), and a lime (50 mm).