In summation. While Goku is likely to win a fight against DC's Man of Steel, the two are pretty evenly matched. As mentioned above, 100 matches between the two would likely and unsurprisingly end in an even 50/50 draw. Superman's victories against Goku would likely come when overwhelming Goku early.
To summarize, the most powerful heroes in DC Comics will always out-muscle the most powerful ones from Marvel, and the most powerful hero in DC (Superman) will always lose to Dragon Ball's most powerful hero (Goku) simply because, at this point, Dragon Ball's power cap is beyond human comprehension.
The heroes and villains of Marvel are a powerful lot, but many of them wouldn't stand much of a chance against Goku. However, there are several who would be able to defeat him, many with greater ease than one would expect.
Goku is already a master of many abilities and operates at a much higher level than Luffy at his most powerful. While Luffy's Gear Fifth abilities are indeed impressive, they are not equal to Son Goku's mastery.
However, physical blows without Haki don't work on him due to his rubber body, and the only slashing-style ninjutsu Sakura is shown to know is a scalpel-like blade. With that being her only weapon to hurt Luffy with, it's likely she will lose this fight in embarrassing fashion.
Jiren is a protagonist from Dragon Ball Super who is widely regarded as one of the most powerful fighters in the Dragon Ball universe. Many fans consider Jiren to be stronger than Goku based on the exceptional abilities and feats that he demonstrated in the Tournament of Power arc.
Cosmic Spider-Man may be able to wreck Goku in an instant but when you take away those oh-so-awesome Uni-Powers, the tide shifts completely in Goku's favor.
7 Defeat: Iron Man
His energy blasts will not do damage whatsoever to Goku in his normal form, let alone Ultra Instinct. If Stark is able to come up with a device that limits Goku's potential or the Saiyan potential, only then he would stand a chance but even that is highly unlikely.
Can Goku survive Thanos snap? Thanos could freeze Goku in time, completely shatter his reality, or transport him directly into a black hole. Depending on the actual powers of the other Stones, Thanos could even take over Goku's soul or his mind.
While Superman has Kryptonite and other heroes have some form of weakness that villains exploit, Goku has none. Physically, he is without a known weakness, except his penchant for turning into a giant monkey when there's a full moon. Heck, that's not really a weakness at all!
Although Ultra Instinct Goku is one of the most powerful characters in all of superhero fiction, he simply can't keep up with Superman Prime's strength and skills. The bar set by Superman Prime is too high for Ultra Instinct Goku to grab.
By being able to travel in a dimension where time has been eliminated, Dragon Ball's Goku proves that he is technically faster than even the Flash.
Goku's power level at the first rank of Super Saiyan blows Deku's cowling away already granting Goku about 5o times his base power and with no real risk to Goku's body.
According to Daizenshuu 7, which provides power levels up to the Frieza Arc, Super Saiyan Goku's power level is 150 million. This means that by the time Goku fights Frieza, he can travel 334,821,428.6 mph -- roughly half the speed of light, which is 670.6 million MPH.
Super Saiyan 3 Goku at full power has a battle power of 24,000,000,000, 2 billion above Kid Buu's level.
While Dragon Ball's Goku has unlocked god-like powers of his own, he still doesn't stand a chance against Lord Beerus, the God of Destruction if the two were to ever fight again. There is, however, one classic Dragon Ball hero who actually could fend off Beerus with one ingenious attack.
Vegeta has surpassed Goku by learning techniques his rival could not, but the Saiyan Prince hates that his new abilities are "parlor tricks." Warning: contains spoilers for Dragon Ball Super chapter 73!
Goku has much greater stats, power, forms, and combat experience/skills, but SpongeBob has much better abilities, arsenal, and hax's that he can win in many scenarios himself.
Goku can destroy a universe, but not a space time continuum. They are different. And Low Multiversal requires being able to destroy either multiple space-time continuums or multiple 4-D areas larger than an infinite 3-D one.