No, they are essentially equal in power though if anything, Yoda is actually slightly more powerful than Sidious as was generally revealed in both the movies and books.
There are certainly scenarios where Darth Vader would have the upper hand in a duel with Yoda, but in most cases, Yoda would be the more likely victor. Vader wields absurd levels of Force power during his dark side prime that would certainly rival Yoda's own abilities, but likely not exceed them.
One of the main reasons why Yoda would've won against Anakin is simply because he was far better trained than him. Yoda could see the moves his opponents were going to make before they made them; therefore, battling against Anakin would've put him at a far heavier advantage.
Legends Canon Continuity: No. Absolutely not. Vader is weaker than his Pre-suit days where he's already weaker than ROTS Sidious, who the latter got only vastly more powerful by ROTJ.
In Star Wars Legends and Canon, Galen Marek (Starkiller) is the only Jedi (other than Obi-Wan Kenobi) to put a beat down on Darth Vader/Anakin Skywalker.
Vader used his pain and anger to fuel his Dark Side powers, becoming one of the most powerful Sith ever and perhaps the most feared. He was the enforcer of the Empire, using his red lightsaber and black armor to strike fear into his enemies, becoming an instrument of terror to fight the Rebels.
Luke Skywalker
However, once Luke fully embraced his power in Star Wars: Return of the Jedi, he proved that he was indeed stronger than Darth Vader and struck his father down.
This ensured that the Sith could hone their skills in secret without fear of betrayal from rival Sith factions. More cunning and devious than all but the most attuned Force-sensitive beings, Darth Bane could more than likely defeat Yoda in a battle of both strength and wit.
1 Darth Sidious
There has been no Sith, as powerful, meticulous, nor as evil as the Emperor himself, Darth Sidious. As previously mentioned, Sidious trained in the Dark Side by Darth Plagueis before Sidious killed Plagueis in his sleep, making Sidious a Sith Master.
Jedi Master Yoda is the most powerful of them all. This should come as no surprise, as he was the head of the Jedi Order in the prequels and was revered for his abilities during the original trilogy. Yoda's power is unmatched and was a real threat to Darth Vader and the Imperials.
As Darth Vader, Skywalker was believed to have had roughly eight-tenths of the strength of the Emperor. Nevertheless, Vader wielded tremendous power and skill, enough to use the Force to overpower almost any opponent he could not defeat with his lightsaber.
While Darth Vader and Jedi Master Yoda never fought in the official Star Wars canon, an alternate timeline from Dark Horse Comics pitted them together with a rather unexpected ending. Similar to Marvel's What If...?
While Obi-Wan Kenobi was frail by the time of Star Wars: A New Hope, he was still stronger with the Force than Darth Vader. The duel between Obi-Wan Kenobi and Darth Vader in Star Wars: A New Hope looks dated by today's standards.
He transforms the Galactic Republic into the Empire and declares himself Emperor, using Machiavellian manipulation to invoke martial law. Palpatine rules the galaxy for over two decades before Vader betrays and kills him to save his son, Luke Skywalker.
Thanos wields more power and authority than Darth Vader, existing as a stronger and more capable villain overall.
In Revenge of the Sith, we again see Yoda in battle. He fights Darth Sidious in lightsaber combat and also through the Force as they battle onto the senate floor throwing chairs at each other. While Yoda holds his own in both of these fights, he doesn't win any of them. We never see the greatest of Jedi win a fight.
Master Yoda has risen above all others to claim the top spot as the most powerful Jedi of all time and the true chosen one according to IGN's audience. He won pretty handily as well, as he was victorious in 89,756 of his 95,243 battles and had a win percentage of 94.2%.
Yoda still stands as one of the most powerful characters in Star Wars, yet even he couldn't defeat Palpatine. After their battle in Revenge of the Sith, Yoda felt beaten and fled into exile on Dagobah, where he hid away for 19 years.
Of course, Anakin Skywalker/Darth Vader is remarked as the strongest force-wielding human out there. Under Sidious's tutelage, his rage and unhealthy ambition found release and he became an utterly terrifying menace to the galaxy.
Master Yoda failed Anakin Skywalker in Star Wars: Episode II — Attack of the Clones, and it resulted in the destruction of the Jedi Order. Master Yoda is one of the most revered characters in the Star Wars universe, and for good reason, but he ultimately failed in stopping the rise of the Sith.
As the Empire retaliated against the Rebellion in the aftermath of the Battle of Yavin, Emperor Palpatine consolidated Lord Vader's powers as Supreme Commander, formally conferring the latter military, political and administrative authority second only to that of his master; the changes to office were subsequently ...
Vader, the only power who overrules him is papa Palpatine.
We would have to give the victory to Darth Vader. While the two dark lords seem perfectly matched on their villainy and power, Darth Vader's lightsaber and ability to immediately use the force to choke Voldemort, without chanting any spell would end this showdown in seconds.