Gold is not magnetic, so there should not be any attraction to magnets. If there is, you most likely don't have real gold. However, some of the base metals that can be mixed with gold are also non-magnetic so you can get a false read.
Will gold of different karats stick to a magnet? Gold jewelry, such as 18k gold, 14k gold, 10k gold, and even white gold can be magnetic depending on the alloys, or metals combined with gold, used. If you think your gold coins or jewelry are pure gold, you can put them to the test by seeing if they are magnetic.
First of all, the metals that might be mixed into a fake piece of gold or silver might be non-magnetic materials to begin with. For instance, a gold watch that is combined with traces of stainless steel will be undetectable in the magnet test, because stainless steel itself will not stick to the magnet.
Fill a cup or bowl with water and carefully drop your gold piece into it. If the gold is real, it will sink to the bottom of the cup. If it's fake, it will float to the top or hover in the middle of the cup.
Scratch test.
If you cut deep enough that you expose underlying metal, you can assume that it is plated. If it appears to be made of a uniform composition throughout, then it is probably solid gold.
Vinegar Test
This test simply requires that a few drops of vinegar be applied to the metal, hopefully in an inconspicuous place. If the metal is real gold there will be no change. If the metal is fake gold it will change color.
Gently drop your gold item into the water. Real gold is a heavy metal and will not float, so if your gold item floats you know it is not real gold. Also, if you notice rust or tarnishing on the item after being in water, this is also a sign it is not real gold since gold doesn't rust or tarnish.
Most standards around the world identify anything with less than 41.7% or 10 karats of gold as fake. The most reliable way to identify whether your item is real gold, or not, is to have it appraised by a certified jeweler.
Gold is expensive, no matter what karat it comes in. 10k gold is the most affordable but still comes with a sizable price tag, meaning 14k gold has a significantly higher price to it. Although overall, purchasing 14k gold over 10k gold will get you more value for money depending on how far your budget can stretch.
When you see both metals side by side, you might notice that the 10k solid gold is slightly less yellow than the 14k solid gold (but only the tiniest bit). It's just as radiant and shiny as 14k solid gold, and can be polished all the same, too. Truly, if you saw them from a distance, they'd be pretty indistinguishable!
Over time, there is a chance that your 10K gold jewelry might tarnish a bit. The tarnish is due to the metal alloy in its composition. However, you can bring back the shine by buffing it out carefully. Taking care of this gold is as simple as taking care of your other gold jewelry.
If it's real gold it will not stick to the magnet. (Fun fact: Real gold is not magnetic.) Fake gold, on the other hand, will stick to the magnet. If that necklace leaps to the magnet, your significant other has some explaining to do.
Vinegar is very destructive, so when you apply the vinegar to a fake piece of gold, the vinegar will cause the jewelry to tarnish. Gold is a non-reactive metal, so real pieces of gold will not react to vinegar.
999” or “1.000” would be pure gold and thus the same as 24 karat. Nonetheless, if an item of jewelry does not have this stamp – it is not necessarily proof positive that the item is made from fake gold. This is particularly true of older items of jewelry. Another method how to tell real gold is with a nitric acid test.
Most other letter markings indicate that a piece is gold-plated or gold-filled. Gold-plated pieces may be marked 'GP,' 'GE,' or 'HGE. ' 'GP' or 'GE' means the piece is electroplated with a thin layer of gold; '18K GP' would indicate a piece plated with 18 karat gold.
Things You Should Know
Make a small scratch on the gold and add a drop of bleach. If it changes color, your jewelry is not 100% pure 24K gold. Bleach can permanently damage gold jewelry. It can't tell you if your gold is fake, since most gold jewelry has other metals mixed in to give it strength.