1.2 Transmission delay. The transmission delay t m depends on the transmission rate R, the message length M, and the channel access delay t c a .
The delay is determined by the incoming packet arrival rate, the transmission capacity of the outgoing link, and the nature of the network traffic. Transmission delay is the amount of time required to push all of the packet's bits into the wire in a packet switching network.
Therefore the delay is proportional to the packet length and transmission rate and not on the distance between the routers.
It is the time required for bits to reach its destination from the start point. A propagation delay depends on the distance and propagation speed.
the transmission and propagation delay are completely different! if denote the length of the packet by L bits, and denote the transmission rate of the link from first router to second router by R bits/sec. then transmission delay will be L/R. and this is depended to transmission rate of link and the length of packet.
A short definition of Transmission Delay
Also known as “store-and-forward delay” and “packetization delay,” it is the delay that the data rate of the link causes. Transmission delay has all to do with a packet's length but not the distance between two nodes. As such, it is proportional to a packet's length in bits.
Time taken to put the data packet on the transmission link is called as transmission delay. Mathematically, Transmission delay ∝ Length / Size of data packet.
After the packet is transmitted to the transmission medium, it has to go through the medium to reach the destination. Hence the time taken by the last bit of the packet to reach the destination is called propagation delay.
Processing delay is dependent on Routers.
Routers to routers may vary but for a particular router, despite the length of the packet, it always possesses the same amount of time to process a particular length (in bits). So, the Processing delay is constant for each router.
Processing delay: It is constant as the router takes an equal amount of time to process the header of a packet. Transmission delay: It is constant for a given length of a packet.
Transmission delay is the time needed to push all the packet bits on the transmission link. It mainly depends upon the size of the data and channel bandwidth (in bps).
Latency vs Delay
Propagation delay refers to the amount of time it takes for the first bit to travel over a link between sender and receiver, whereas network latency refers to the total amount of time it takes to send an entire message.
Concepts: Link transmission rate (Data Transmission speed) is the number of bits per second that can be transmitted. Propagation speed is the speed at which a bit (signal) moves through a medium. It generally is within the range of 2x10^8m/s to less than the speed of light ( 3x10^8m/s ).
Your vehicle's transmission eventually wears out, but you can make it last longer by taking care of it, including doing regular maintenance such as checking for leaks and changing the transmission fluid at the manufacturer's recommended intervals. Without the transmission, your vehicle isn't going to go anywhere.
Using a freewheel may reduce shift time, as it may not be necessary to use the clutch. A shift kit is also intended to reduce the shift time of a manual vehicle. With a manual transmission, upshift time can be reduced by installing a lighter flywheel.
Throughput measures the volume of data that passes through a network in a given period. Throughput impacts how much data you can transmit in a period of time. Latency measures the time delay when sending data. A higher latency causes a network delay.
These delays are usually frequency dependent, which means that different frequency components experience different delays. As a result, the signal's waveform experiences distortion as it passes through the system.
Thus, the propagation delay is a function of the input frequency in that for a square-wave input, the "off" time also changes with changes in input frequency.
The effective transmission rate is calculated as (a) the measured number of units of data, such as bits, characters, blocks, or frames, transmitted during a significant measurement time interval divided by (b) the measurement time interval.
Example of Transmission Delay
Find the transmission delay if the bandwidth is 10 Mbps and the number of bytes in the packet is 3000. Ttrans =L / R = (3 × 8× 10-3)/10 = 0.0024 seconds or 2.4 milliseconds.
The packet transmission time in seconds can be obtained from the packet size in bit and the bit rate in bit/s as: Packet transmission time = Packet size / Bit rate.
Latency and throughput are important concepts when understanding network and system performance. They both affect the speed of a system, but in different ways. Data transmission can be hindered by a high latency, due to data delays, and a lower throughput due to less data being processed at a time.
You can also think of bandwidth as a highway: the wider it is (or the more lanes it has), the more data that can be transferred at once. Pro tip: higher bandwidth is better. But higher bandwidth doesn't mean lower latency (at least not always).
Bandwidth and latency have an impact on everything you do online. High bandwidth and low latency translate to the best speeds and the fastest response times—that's what you want for your internet connection.