A credit card can be canceled without harming your credit score. To avoid damage to your credit score, paying down credit card balances first (not just the one you're canceling) is key. Closing a charge card won't affect your credit history (history is a factor in your overall credit score).
Canceling a credit card can shorten the average age of all accounts, which can negatively affect your score. If your score has already dropped due to other negative items, such as late payments or large debt balances, it's probably best to keep the account open instead of closing it.
If the lender agrees, your debt is reported to the credit bureaus as "paid-settled." The best-case scenario is to negotiate with your creditor ahead of time to have the account reported as "paid in full" (even if that's not the case). This does not hurt your credit score as much.
The Avalanche advises paying off the highest-interest card first, while making minimum payments on the others. Neither method will hurt your credit rating, and may help it. It's also fairly common to take out a debt consolidation loan to pay off cards.
Under normal economic circumstances, when you can afford it and have enough disposable income to exceed your basic expenses, you should pay off your maxed-out card as soon as possible. That's because when you charge up to your credit limit, your credit utilization rate, or your debt-to-credit ratio, increases.
Closing a credit card account can negatively affect your credit — but it depends on how many other credit accounts you have open and whether or not you use those credit accounts responsibly. Knowing how your credit score works will help you better understand how closing a card might impact your credit.
By closing a credit card account with zero balance, you're removing all of that card's available balance from the ratio, in turn, increasing your utilization percentage. The higher your balance-to-limit ratio, the more it can hurt your credit.
If you've just started using credit and recently got your first credit card, it's best to keep that card open for at least six months. That's the minimum amount of time for you to build a credit history to calculate a credit score.
Unused credit cards don't make any money -- and an open credit card account costs money to maintain and monitor. So, the most common outcome of letting your card go unused is that the card issuer simply cancels your unused credit card and closes the account.
Typical debt settlement offers range from 10% to 50% of the amount you owe. Creditors are under no obligation to accept an offer and reduce your debt, even if you are working with a reputable debt settlement company.
Because creditors report debt settlement to the credit bureaus, it can indeed have a negative impact on your credit score and can stay on your credit report for years to come. However, chances are, even before your debt was settled, your credit score likely took a hit from missed payments.
Having “paid in full” on your credit report has a positive effect, especially if you paid your bills on time. Remember, on-time payments are a major factor in your credit score's calculation. If you paid your debt in full and on time, your accounts are in good standing.
How many credit cards is too many or too few? Credit scoring formulas don't punish you for having too many credit accounts, but you can have too few. Credit bureaus suggest that five or more accounts — which can be a mix of cards and loans — is a reasonable number to build toward over time.
The numbers look similar when closing a card. Increase your balance and your score drops an average of 12 points, but lower your balance and your score jumps an average of 10 points. Two-thirds of people who open a credit card increase their overall balance within a month of getting that card.
It's generally recommended that you have two to three credit card accounts at a time, in addition to other types of credit. Remember that your total available credit and your debt to credit ratio can impact your credit scores. If you have more than three credit cards, it may be hard to keep track of monthly payments.
Having too many open credit lines, even if you're not using them, can hurt your credit score by making you look more risky to lenders. Having multiple active accounts also makes it more challenging to control spending and keep track of payment due dates.
A good guideline is the 30% rule: Use no more than 30% of your credit limit to keep your debt-to-credit ratio strong. Staying under 10% is even better. In a real-life budget, the 30% rule works like this: If you have a card with a $1,000 credit limit, it's best not to have more than a $300 balance at any time.
The bottom line
While you technically can close a credit card with a balance, that doesn't mean you should. Ideally, you'll keep your card open while you pay off your debt (to avoid an impact on your credit score) and to have access to this line of credit for emergencies.
Closing a credit card could lower the amount of overall credit you have versus the amount of credit you're using (your debt to credit utilization ratio), which could impact your credit scores.
It's a good idea to pay off your credit card balance in full whenever you're able. Carrying a monthly credit card balance can cost you in interest and increase your credit utilization rate, which is one factor used to calculate your credit scores.
While closing credit cards could increase your credit utilisation rate, which could negatively impact your credit score, having multiple cards open increases the chance of you racking up large debts. Lenders will see this as a risk and may not lend to you because of it.
In general, it's best to keep unused credit cards open so that you benefit from a longer average credit history and a larger amount of available credit. Credit scoring models reward you for having long-standing credit accounts, and for using only a small portion of your credit limit.
Similarly, if you pay off a credit card debt and close the account entirely, your scores could drop. This is because your total available credit is lowered when you close a line of credit, which could result in a higher credit utilization ratio.
Paying bills on time and paying down balances on your credit cards are the most powerful steps you can take to raise your credit.