Inflammation involves the rectum and sigmoid colon — the lower end of the colon. Symptoms include bloody diarrhea, abdominal cramps and pain, and an inability to move the bowels despite the urge to do so. This is called tenesmus.
Inflammation of the colon, or colitis, may occur for many reasons. It may be due to a short-term infection from consuming contaminated food, or a sign of a chronic condition, such as Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis. Colitis symptoms may include abdominal cramping, diarrhea, nausea, and bloating.
Infection, loss of blood supply in the colon, Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) and invasion of the colon wall with collagen or lymphocytic white blood cells are all possible causes of an inflamed colon.
Is there a cure? No, IBD cannot be cured. There will be periods of remission when the disease is not active. Medicines can reduce inflammation and increase the number and length of periods of remission, but there is no cure.
Ulcerative colitis is an IBD that causes your colon (large intestine) to become red and swollen. The redness and swelling can last for a few weeks or for several months. Ulcerative colitis always involves the last part of the colon (the rectum).
Anti-inflammatory drugs are often the first step in the treatment of ulcerative colitis, typically for mild to moderate disease. Anti-inflammatories include aminosalicylates, such as mesalamine (Delzicol, Rowasa, others), balsalazide (Colazal) and olsalazine (Dipentum).
If ulcerative colitis remains untreated, the inflammation can spread to the deeper layers of your colon and result in a very dangerous complication called toxic megacolon. This condition can lead to life-threatening infections, kidney failure, or a colon rupture and needs to be treated immediately.
Based on visual observation, the ancients characterised inflammation by five cardinal signs, namely redness (rubor), swelling (tumour), heat (calor; only applicable to the body' extremities), pain (dolor) and loss of function (functio laesa).
Alcohol, caffeine and spicy foods can irritate anyone's colon. So the problems can be worse if you have inflammatory bowel disease. Fat, sugar and fiber are all harder to digest. So you may need to stick to foods that are low in these categories or eat sources with higher contents in moderation.
“Pus is a marker of inflammation,” he points out. Mucus in stool looks a bit like snot, and can be whitish or yellowish. People often find just a small bit mixed in with stool or pass it at the end of a bowel movement.
Cooked vegetables: Well-cooked vegetables such as green beans, carrots, mashed potatoes without skin, steamed asparagus tips and pureed squash. Use fresh or frozen. Canned or soft fruits: Peeled apples, ripe bananas, cantaloupe, honeydew, watermelon, and canned fruit in fruit juice or light syrup.
Symptoms of inflammation include: Redness. A swollen joint that may be warm to the touch. Joint pain.
Although there are many inflammatory markers, also known as acute phase reactants, those most commonly measured in clinical practice (and discussed in this topic) are C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and procalcitonin (PCT).
Hard stool. Bloating, inability to pass gas, abdominal swelling or pain. Lower back pain. Feeling like your bowel is not empty.
Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disease that causes chronic inflammation of the GI tract, which extends from your stomach all the way down to your anus. Different areas of the GI tract can be affected in different people, and it often spreads into the deeper layers of the bowel.
The fiber, a type of carb your body does not digest, is what makes these foods hard on someone with an inflamed colon. In addition to raw veggies and fruits, stay away from cooked kale, peas, winter squash, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, onions and corn.
If IBD medications don't relieve discomfort, your doctor may recommend an over-the-counter pain reliever, such as acetaminophen. Doctors do not recommend over-the-counter or prescription nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen, naproxen, and aspirin.
Skip High-intensity Workouts During Flares
Instead, focus on steady, regular exercise—which calms inflammation. Aim for 150 minutes of moderate-intensity activity (like brisk walking) per week.
Colonoscopy and Biopsy
Gastroenterologists almost always recommend a colonoscopy to diagnose Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis. This test provides live video images of the colon and rectum and enables the doctor to examine the intestinal lining for inflammation, ulcers, and other signs of IBD.
Those with mild ulcerative colitis are said to have less than four bowel movements each day with intermittent rectal bleeding. Moderate to severe ulcerative colitis is defined as passing more than six stools a day with frequent rectal bleeding.