Injections into the muscle are typically done perpendicular to the skin in a darting motion but the needle has to be long enough to go through the epidermis, the dermis, the subcutaneous layer, and the muscle.
Subcutaneous injections are administered in the fat layer, underneath the skin. Intramuscular injections are delivered into the muscle. Intradermal injections are delivered into the dermis, or the skin layer underneath the epidermis (which is the upper skin layer).
A Tattoo needle penetrates 5 layers of the epidermis
It goes through five layers of the epidermis, through the dermal layer, and into the topmost layer of the dermis.
Intradermal injections (ID) are injections administered into the dermis, just below the epidermis.
At least 3 inches (7.5 centimeters) below your shoulder and 3 inches (7.5 centimeters) above your elbow, on the side or back.
The point of the triangle is at the level of the armpit. Put the injection in the center of the triangle of the muscle. This should be 1 to 2 inches (2.5 to 5 centimeters) below that bone.
Are there any complications? The most common complication of a subcutaneous injection is pain near the injection site for 1 to 2 days afterward. Pain near the injection site can happen when inserting the needle at the wrong angle, or when it moves slightly during the injection.
Pinch a 2-inch fold of skin between your thumb and index finger. Hold the syringe the way you would a pencil or dart. Insert the needle at a 45 to 90 degree angle to the pinched-up skin. The needle should be completely covered by skin.
Injecting a small air bubble into the skin or a muscle is usually harmless. But it might mean you aren't getting the full dose of medicine, because the air takes up space in the syringe.
The needle should stand straight up from the skin. Quickly jab the needle all the way into the skin. Hold the syringe in place with one hand, and pull back on the plunger with the other hand.
In order to give the ink a permanent home in your body, the tattoo needle must travel through the epidermis into the deeper layer, or the dermis. Nerves and blood vessels are located here, which is why getting a tattoo hurts and your skin tends to bleed.
Needles of a tattoo machine punches between 50 and 3,000 times per minute through the epidermis, the outer layer of skin, and drive the ink into the dermis, the deeper layer that's mottled with nerves and blood vessels.
The injections used during anti-wrinkle treatments are administered both directly into the muscle (intramuscular) and into the area between the skin and the muscle (subcutaneous).
A ventrogluteal site is the most commonly used and recommended site for IM injections in adults and children of walking age because of the large muscle mass. This site is located away from the superior and inferior gluteal arteries as well as the sciatic and superior gluteal nerves,9 and is also the least painful.
If you see blood in the syringe, you've hit a blood vessel. If this happens, pull the needle out of the skin without injecting the medicine. Discard the needle and syringe safely, such as in a special container for needles. Then prepare a new syringe with a new dose of medicine.
Rationale: Pinching the skin elevates subcutaneous tissue and desensitizes the area. Quick, firm insertion minimizes discomfort. Inserting at the correct angle prevents accidental injection into muscle.
If a nerve is hit, the patient will feel an immediate burning pain, which can result in paralysis or neuropathy that does not always resolve.
A subcutaneous injection is given in the fatty layer of tissue just under the skin. A subcutaneous injection into the fatty layer of tissue (pinched up to give the injection) under the skin.
Don't massage the site, which can damage the underlying tissue and cause the medication to be absorbed faster than intended.
Lipohypertrophy is a lump of fatty tissue under your skin caused by repeated injections in the same place. It's common in people with diabetes. Lipohypertrophy can affect your body's ability to absorb insulin and cause serious complications.
Injection site reactions are usually mild when they do occur. However, sometimes they can indicate something more serious, like an infection. High fever, swelling, drainage from the injection site, orsevere pain are all reasons to see a healthcare provider for an evaluation.
It is important to avoid inadvertently injecting the drug into muscle, as intramuscular injection can affect drug absorption; for example, inadvertent administration of insulin into the muscle can lead to accelerated insulin absorption and lead to hypoglycaemia (Down and Kirkland, 2012).
Improper subcutaneous injection of pharmaceuticals may result in side effects, such as bruising, haematoma and pain at the injection site33. One of main factors that may affect those side effects is the injection speed.