Every solenoid valve has a nominal actuation voltage, which is usually based on common power supply voltages such as 12 VDC, 24 VDC, 110 VAC, or 220 VAC. The nominal voltage is typically printed somewhere on the valve body or coil and is the voltage required to actuate (shift) the valve.
Starters Can Fail Due To Low Battery voltage
Typically what happens is the excess current created as a result of the low voltage causes the contact within the solenoid to weld together or even burn through.
You CANNOT run a 12v solenoid on a 24v circuit. It will damage/destroy your solenoid. Please do not attempt 12V components on 24V, you will end up with magic smoke or in worst case fire!
For example 12 volt solenoid valve with 15 watt coil will draw 1.25 amps and if connected to a battery will have a significant power drain and will need topping up according to the power usage. Amps (current consumption) = watts (power consumption of coil) divided by 12 volts.
This data sheet shows that the wattage for a normally closed solenoid with 8-inch openings will range from 6.1-17.1 W for a coil that's powered with AC voltage, and from 10.6-11.6 W for a coil that's powered with DC voltage.
A 12 volt DC coil opens and closes the valve in less than one second. It is rated for continuous service and draws 2.50 amps, for a nominal power consumption of 40 watts.
In rare cases, a solenoid coil will burn out due to OVERVOLTAGE. The plunger WILL close, because the solenoid has extra force. (You'll find no melted bobbin.) The high voltage causes excessive holding current which will overheat the coil and burn it out.
Standard Solenoid Valves Operation
In order to remain in this "open" position, the coil must receive constant electrical power to maintain the magnetic field holding the plunger in the open position. Standard solenoid valves require full electrical power to keep the valve in an open state.
The mechanism was properly called a solenoid because of its duties as a linear motor with both mechanical and electrical tasks. Given the extra-ordinary effort required of the solenoid coil, it might typically draw 8 to 10 amps during engine cranking.
A continuous duty solenoid works much like a regular starter solenoid, opening and closing a circuit in order to turn the power flow off and on. As you might have guessed, however, in the case of a continuous duty solenoid the power flow is more of a constant, whereas a starter solenoid operates intermittently.
Solenoids are electromechanical devices that convert AC or DC electrical energy into linear motion.
In most cases, it doesn't matter which wire goes where. However, there are a few circumstances when the order of the wires does matter. For example, if the solenoid is controlling a switch, it's important to make sure that the load wire is connected to the correct terminal. Otherwise, the circuit may not work properly.
Therefore, provided you chose a controller suitable for the motor you use, you can usually run a motor 12v motor from a 24v battery with no effect except that full speed is doubled.
Abnormally high or abnormally low ambient temperatures to which a solenoid is exposed for an extended time may cause a solenoid to burn out. High Temperature. Coil insulation may be damaged and one layer of wire may short to the next layer. A heat shield or baffle will give some protection against radiated heat.
Almost any 12v solenoid will fulfill your requirement. Get a used one, they are typically very robust.
Blown fuse – Sometimes the simplest explanation is the best one. A blown fuse in the starter circuit could be the cause of a no-start problem. Broken or corroded wiring – Damaged or dirty wires to the battery or to the starter solenoid (or wires that are loose) can prevent sufficient power from reaching the starter.
Rusting, power failure, irregular pressure, missing equipment, an incorrect amount of voltage or current, dirt stuck in the system and corrosion are some of the possible reasons why a solenoid valve may not properly close or open.
When a solenoid is first energized, its coil receives a pulse of high inrush current that decreases as the plunger closes. If the plunger does not close, the high inrush current continues, which can cause the coil to overheat and burn out. This is the most common cause of solenoid failure and spotting it is easy.
The continuous duty cycle (100% rating) means that the solenoid can be left energised for an indefinite period of time at its rated voltage without overheating.
Applying DC voltage to a solenoid coil actually increases the current asymptotically (Figure 3) until it is equal to voltage divided by the coil resistance. The time it takes to get to that steady-state level depends on the time constant of coil inductance divided by resistance (L divided by R).