You can use the fgets() function to read a line of string. And, you can use puts() to display the string.
using printf()
If we want to do a string output in C stored in memory and we want to output it as it is, then we can use the printf() function. This function, like scanf() uses the access specifier %s to output strings. The complete syntax for this method is: printf("%s", char *s);
C provides two basic ways to read and write strings. input/output functions, scanf/fscanf and printf/fprintf. Second, we can use a special set of string-only functions, get string (gets/fgets) and put string ( puts/fputs ).
A C String is a simple array with char as a data type. 'C' language does not directly support string as a data type. Hence, to display a String in C, you need to make use of a character array.
Read String from the user
You can use the scanf() function to read a string.
Strings in C are arrays of char elements, so we can't really return a string - we must return a pointer to the first element of the string. All forms are perfectly valid. Note the use of const , because from the function I'm returning a string literal, a string defined in double quotes, which is a constant.
The read() function reads data previously written to a file. If any portion of a regular file prior to the end-of-file has not been written, read() shall return bytes with value 0. For example, lseek() allows the file offset to be set beyond the end of existing data in the file.
We can print a string in C using puts(), printf(), for loop, and recursion method. We have to pass a string character array name in the puts() function as an argument to print the string in the console. We can use the %s format specifier in the printf() function to print the character array in the console.
h is the header in the C standard library for the C programming language which contains macro definitions, constants and declarations of functions and types used not only for string handling but also various memory handling functions; the name is thus something of a misnomer. Functions declared in string.
In C language, %n is a special format specifier. It cause printf() to load the variable pointed by corresponding argument. The loading is done with a value which is equal to the number of characters printed by printf() before the occurrence of %n.
The substring() method extracts characters, between two indices (positions), from a string, and returns the substring. The substring() method extracts characters from start to end (exclusive). The substring() method does not change the original string.
The echo command in Linux is used to display a string provided by the user.
You want to use %s , which is for strings (char*). %c is for single characters (char). An asterisk * after a type makes it a pointer to type.
Search for a character in a string - strchr & strrchr
The strchr function returns the first occurrence of a character within a string. The strrchr returns the last occurrence of a character within a string. They return a character pointer to the character found, or NULL pointer if the character is not found.
For reading and writing to a text file, we use the functions fprintf() and fscanf(). They are just the file versions of printf() and scanf() . The only difference is that fprintf() and fscanf() expects a pointer to the structure FILE.
gets() — Read a Line
The gets() function then replaces the new-line character, if read, with a null character (\0) before returning the line. If successful, the gets() function returns its argument. A NULL pointer return value indicates an error, or an end-of-file condition with no characters read.
The read command reads one line from standard input and assigns the values of each field in the input line to a shell variable using the characters in the IFS (Internal Field Separator) variable as separators.
Another way to return a string is by using a “return” statement at the end of the method. When a programmer writes a program, the compiler examines the return type. If the return type is set as “String”, then the added string will be returned.
In java, String format() method returns a formatted string using the given locale, specified format string, and arguments. We can concatenate the strings using this method and at the same time, we can format the output concatenated string. Parameter: The locale value to be applied on the format() method.
Input/Output
The printf() function sends a formatted string to the standard output (the display). This string can display formatted variables and special control characters, such as new lines ('\n'), backspaces ('\b') and tabspaces ('\t'); these are listed in Table 2.1.