According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, at a minimum, potatoes should be rinsed with water before cutting for cooking. Since potatoes are firm, use a clean brush to scrub them. Do not use soap, bleach, disinfectants, or chemicals to clean produce.
"Potatoes are firmly in the buried-in-soil category, so they'll need a thorough wash before cooking," says Catt Fields White, a former chef and the founder of San Diego Markets and The Farmers Market Pros. "In addition to good and bad bacterias, pesticides can linger in the soil and those need to go."
Soak potatoes in cold water to loosen the dirt. A 15- to 30-minute soak should do the trick. Lift the potatoes out of the water, and scrub them with a vegetable brush under cold running water to remove the dirt. If peeling, proceed by removing the potato skins with a vegetable peeler.
Washing is vital since potatoes are root vegetables grown in the ground, and their skins can carry dirt, pesticides, and bacteria. Furthermore, the Centers for Disease Control recommends that you wash all produce, even those you can peel, like potatoes.
The Food and Drug Administration advises you wash potatoes before you eat them. Potatoes grow in the ground, and carry not only dirt but also bacteria to the grocery store and later, your table. Pesticides also remain on potato skin; even organic potatoes carry some degree of contaminants.
Leaving them unwashed if you're looking for longevity, as unwashed potatoes will last a little longer as the dirt protects them from light. Washed potatoes often lose some of their skin in the washing process, making them more susceptible to air and potential mould spores.
Unwashed potatoes have the added benefit of preventing chlorophyll and energy that boost nutrients within the cells from quickly affecting the color of the skin.
The excess potato starch that forms when potatoes are peeled and sliced must be rinsed off the chips with water. If not, the surface starch will block the evaporation of moisture from the potato and lead to mushy, dark brown chips.
Once it's time to cook with the potatoes, drain and rinse again with cold water. Washing the potatoes twice with water will remove excess starch, which will help them to get extra crispy when roasted or fried.
Place whole or cut potatoes in generously salted, boiling water. Turn the water down to a gentle boil and cook for 10 to 20 minutes, depending on the type and the size of the potato pieces. Check frequently to avoid overcooking.
Rinsing or soaking the potatoes for an hour (or, even better, overnight) will remove some of the starch from the surface and prevent the sugars from browning before the potatoes are cooked.
Avoid getting specks of dirt in your spuds by thoroughly rinsing in cold water and scrubbing them first. If you throw cubed potatoes into a boiling pot of water, the outside will overcook and the inside won't cook enough.
If keeping potatoes in water for more than an hour, refrigerate. However, don't soak them any longer than overnight—after that, the potatoes start to lose their structure and flavor.
You should definitely clean potatoes even if you plan to peel them. Why? Dirt and contaminants. Potatoes are on the Environmental Working Group's Dirty Dozen list of produce most contaminated with pesticides, meaning it's advised you buy organic, if possible.
Remove the potatoes from the soaking water, place them in a towel and squeeze out as much moisture as possible. Allow the water to rest for about 30 minutes so the starch settles. Pour the water out of the bowl, leaving the starch at the bottom of the bowl. Combine the starch and potatoes just before cooking.
The presence of starch makes the texture of the potatoes soft and mushy, but at the same time it also adds on the carbohydrate content of potatoes. So, if you are planning to cut down on calories and enjoy your favourite potatoes without feeling guilty, then removing the starch content is the best thing to go for.
Much of the surface starch can be washed away with a quick rinse in cold water. All you need to do is cut your potatoes and rinse them under cold water. For better results, soak the potatoes in a bowl of cold water for a few hours.
White vinegar diluted with water can help disinfect potatoes, but simple water and scrubbing is just as effective. If the potatoes are very dirty, consider soaking them in a clean sink filled with water first.
Once the potatoes have soaked, rinse and drain them. Then — also very important — use a towel to pat them down until they are nice and dry before moving onto the next step.
Add the potatoes to soak, using a potato or vegetable brush, pick up each one and brush the eyes to remove any dirt or sand. Don't scrub too hard or the skin will go away too. Place in a sieve or colander in an adjacent sink to drain. Use by the next day.
Whether you're preparing loaded baked potatoes, a hash-brown casserole or plain ole' mashed potatoes, keep the peels out of the garbage disposal! The starch from potatoes and potato peels can turn into a “thick paste,” which may cause the blades to stick.
"The healthiest way to eat a potato is baking it with the skin on," says Upton. "Baked potatoes add no additional calories like frying or roasting with oil." Sign up for our newsletter! Leaving the skins on the potato brings extra nutrients to the food.
Soaking potatoes in water helps remove excess starch. Excess starch can inhibit the potatoes from cooking evenly as well as creating a gummy or sticky texture on the outside of your potatoes. Cold water is used because hot water would react with the starch activating it, making it harder to separate from the potatoes.