The 3 P's stand for Pervasiveness, Permanence and Personalisation. Pervasiveness looks at how much of your life a concern impacts – How big? Permanence looks at how long an issue is going to be of concern – How long? Personalisation looks at how much you feel you are to blame – How much?
Cognitive behavioral treatment of insomnia is based on a behavioral model first introduced by Spielman et al. (1987) and is colloquially known as “the 3P Model.” The three Ps – predisposing, precipitating, and perpetuating factors – all contribute to the development and maintenance of chronic insomnia.
Learned helplessness develops when we answer those three questions with 3Ps – permanent, pervasive and personal.
The Three Ps of Explanatory Style
There are three different aspects of the explanatory style that we use to account for life events. We can think of them as the three Ps: permanence, pervasiveness, and personalization.
After spending decades studying how people deal with setbacks, psychologist Martin Seligman found that three P's can stunt recovery: (1) personalization — the belief that we are at fault; (2) pervasiveness — the belief that an event will affect all areas of our life; and (3) permanence — the belief that the aftershocks ...
The 4 Ps looks at four domains which may be impacted through experiences of trauma – physical, psychological, performance and people.
The trauma-informed approach is guided four assumptions, known as the “Four R's”: Realization about trauma and how it can affect people and groups, recognizing the signs of trauma, having a system which can respond to trauma, and resisting re-traumatization.
One way of doing this is through teaching them the 3P's (Seligman). The 3 P's stand for Pervasiveness, Permanence and Personalisation. Pervasiveness looks at how much of your life a concern impacts – How big?
There are three important elements here. Let's call them the 3 P's: permanence, pervasiveness and whether it's personal. Pessimists tell themselves that bad events: Will last a long time, or forever.
Seligman describes that the explanatory style of a pessimist follows three themes, which he defines as The three P's of Pessimism: Permanence, Pervasiveness and Personal.
This model of learned helplessness has important implications for depression. It posits that when highly desired outcomes are believed to be improbable and/or highly aversive outcomes are believed probable, and the individual has no expectation that anything she does will change the outcome, depression results.
Learned helplessness is frequently the result of experiencing stress or trauma. People may feel that they have little to no control over the situation. Because of the lack of control, people may feel helpless and unmotivated to take action.
The four “Ps” of case formulation (predisposing, precipitating, perpetuating, and protective factors) also provide a useful framework for organizing the factors that may contribute to the development of anticipatory distress (Barker, 1988; Carr, 1999; Winters, Hanson, & Stoyanova, 2007).
After spending decades studying how people deal with setbacks, Seligman found that there are three P's – personalization, pervasiveness, and permanence – that are critical to how we recover from hardship.
Impact of Pessimism
Those with more pessimistic outlooks tend to have less social support, lower resilience, a reduced ability to cope with stress, and a greater propensity for depression and anxiety disorders. Having a tendency toward pessimism can also impact your outlook on life.
Signs of burnout
“Internal signs can include emotional exhaustion, cynicism, detachment from your work and your life, feeling ineffective in your role and feeling drained before you even begin have anxiety,” she says. People often experience “really extreme Sunday scaries, overall pessimism and loss of motivation.”
Effective presentations are sometimes created around a three-step process, sometimes called the 3-P Approach: Plan, Prepare, and Present. Your success depends on the effort you put into each step of this process. Examine each step carefully and put the approach into action for your next presentation.
Planning and managing a project involves so many elements that cannot be all included in one article. However, they can be grouped under three major categories: Product, People and Process. Product: This includes the objectives, benefits, outcome and deliverables of the project.
Resilience theory is the conceptual framework for understanding how some individuals can bounce back after experiencing an adverse situation in a strength-focused approach1.
The “Five S's” are Safety, Specific Behaviors, Setting, Scary Things, and Screening/Services (Fig). The Five S's: key questions for consultation.
A comprehensive review of the litera- ture on complex trauma suggests seven primary domains of impairment ob- served in exposed children: attachment, biology, affect regulation, dissociation (ie, alterations in consciousness), behav- ioral regulation, cognition, and self-con- cept.