Eventually, the studies began to look at the same human behaviors from various angles including biological, psychodynamic, behavioral, cognitive, and humanistic perspectives. These became known as the “five major perspectives” in psychology.
The four main models to explain psychological abnormality are the biological, behavioural, cognitive, and psychodynamic models. They all attempt to explain the causes and treatments for all psychological illnesses, and all from a different approach.
Psychologists often look at abnormal behaviors through a number of different perspectives including the psychoanalytic, behavioral, cognitive, and medical approaches. Such perspectives can influence how a condition is treated, but therapists also often draw on techniques from multiple approaches.
There are five major approaches in psychology. These are biological, psychodynamic, behavioural, cognitive and humanistic. Each approach attempts to explain human behaviour differently. An approach is a view that involves certain assumptions about human behaviour.
Four of the most prominent are the psychoanalytic, humanistic, trait, and social-cognitive perspectives.
Psychology: Six Perspectives shows students a measure of unity and continuity within this fragmented field by briefly and coherently discussing six primary perspectives that have arisen: biological, psychoanalytical, behavioral, humanistic, cognitive, and evolutionary.
In general, there are seven approaches to the study of abnormal psychology: biological, psychodynamic, behavioral, cognitive, humanistic, sociocultural and diathesis-stress.
The Behavioral Perspective: A Focus on Observable Behavior
The behavioral perspective is the psychological approach that suggests that the keys to understanding development are observable behavior and external stimuli in the environment.
Different Perspective Examples
Consider the saying, “Is the glass half full or half empty?” This is an example of seeing things from different perspectives. An optimist would find opportunities even in a crisis while a pessimist would do the opposite. Another example is a court hearing for an incident.
In psychology there are ten early perspectives. These perspectives are structuralism, functionalism, Gestalt psychology, behaviorism, psychodynamic, humanistic, physiological, evolutionary, cognitive, and cultural and diversity.
The 3 D's used to define abnormal behavior are dysfunction, distress, and deviance.
Mental disorders are hard to define. Most definitions include the “3 Ds”: Dysfunction, distress (or impairment), and deviance.
It is important to understand that all behaviors occur for a reason. All human behaviors can be categorized into four functions. These four functions are escape, attention, access to tangibles, and sensory. Note that these four behavior categories do not imply that these behaviors are "bad".
behavior that is atypical or statistically uncommon within a particular culture or that is maladaptive or detrimental to an individual or to those around that individual. Such behavior is often regarded as evidence of a mental or emotional disturbance, ranging from minor adjustment problems to severe mental disorder.
Behavior is considered to be abnormal when it is atypical or out of the ordinary, consists of undesirable behavior, and results in impairment in the individual's functioning. Abnormality in behavior, is that in which is considered deviant from specific societal, cultural and ethical expectations.
The first goal of psychology is to describe the actual phenomenon in which humans and animals behave in different situations.
The three types of perspective—linear, color, and atmospheric—can be used alone or in combination to establish depth in a picture. Linear perspective requires the most study. The other two are easily learned, and can add enormous depth to any picture, so let's start with them.
There may be several different theories within an approach, but they all share these common assumptions. The five major perspectives in psychology are biological, psychodynamic, behavioral, cognitive and humanistic.