TO EXPLAIN THE PROCESSES, IMPACT AND CONTROL OF DEVIANCY, THE AUTHOR DISCUSSES IN DETAIL FIVE FORMS OF DEVIANCE. THESE ARE: 1) THE DELINQUENT; 2) THE DRUG ADDICT: 3) THE HOMOSEXUAL; 4) THE MENTALLY ILL; AND 5) SUICIDES.
According to Merton, there are five types of deviance based upon these criteria: conformity, innovation, ritualism, retreatism and rebellion. Merton's typology is fascinating because it suggests that people can turn to deviance in the pursuit of widely accepted social values and goals.
Three broad sociological classes exist that describe deviant behavior, namely, structural functionalism, symbolic interaction and conflict theory.
Adult content consumption, drug use, excessive drinking, illegal hunting, eating disorders, or any self-harming or addictive practice are all examples of deviant behaviors. Many of them are represented, to different extents, on social media.
Causes of Deviant Behavior
These include genetics, personality, upbringing, environment, and societal influences. It is also important to note that what is considered deviant can vary from one culture to the next.
The main “types” of social deviance being: ritualism, innovation, rebellion, ritualism, retreatism, and conformity.
Becker defined deviance as a social creation in which “social groups create deviance by making the rules whose infraction constitutes deviance, and by applying those rules to particular people and labeling them as outsiders.” Becker grouped behaviour into four categories: falsely accused, conforming, pure deviant, and ...
Deviant behaviour may be caused due to the individual inability or failure to conform to the social norms or the societies failure to make its components follow the norms set by it as normal behaviour. The inability to conform may be the result of a mental or physical defect.
Using illegal drugs is considered deviant behavior in most social groups. Committing acts of violence, such as assault or murder, is also considered deviant behavior. Other examples of deviant behavior include but are not limited to: theft, vandalism, graffiti, public intoxication, loitering, and littering.
Causes (Origins) of Governmental Deviance. In their studies, scholars have linked governmental deviance to three main causes: (1) superabundance of ambiguous laws, (2) governmental complexity, and (3) power.
Negative deviant behaviors include employee delinquencies such as not following the manager's instructions, intentionally slowing down the work cycle, arriving late, committing petty theft as well as not treating co‐workers with respect and/or acting rudely with co‐workers (Galperin, 2002).
Deviance is behavior that violates social norms and arouses negative social reactions. Some behavior is considered so harmful that governments enact written laws that ban the behavior. Crime is behavior that violates these laws and is certainly an important type of deviance that concerns many Americans.
There are two main types of deviant behavior: formal and informal deviant behavior. Formal deviant behavior refers to actions that violate formal laws, whereas informal deviant behavior refers to actions that violate social norms. Both formal and informal deviant behavior can result in negative consequences.
A deviant is someone whose behavior falls far outside of society's norms; as an adjective, deviant can describe the behavior itself. For example, a fifty-year-old punk rocker has a deviant appearance, compared to his peers. That aging punk deviates, or departs from the norm, of people his age.
Formal deviance includes criminal violation of formally-enacted laws. Examples of formal deviance include robbery, theft, rape, murder, and assault. Informal deviance refers to violations of informal social norms, which are norms that have not been codified into law.
Examples of positive deviance
Patients with a chronic condition implement lifestyle choices that cause them to have a much higher quality of life than other people with the same illness.
Curfew violations, incorrigibility and truancy are examples. Thus, crirne and delinquency and most other foams of social: devi- ance are socially defined behaviors rather than given biomedical conditions.
DEVIANCE AND MENTAL HEALTH
Deviance and mental illness often go hand-in-hand. While not all deviants are considered mentally ill, almost all mentally ill persons are considered deviant (since mental illness is not considered "normal"). When studying deviance, then, sociologists also often study mental illness.
Society sees most crimes, such as robbery, assault, battery, rape, murder, burglary, and embezzlement, as deviant. But some crimes, such as those committed in violation of laws against selling merchandise on Sundays, are not deviant at all. Moreover, not all deviant acts are criminal.
What are some of the negative effects of deviance? Deviance erodes trust. Deviance can cause nonconforming behavior in others. Deviant behavior is expensive.
Almost all deviance fits into what Adler and Adler refer to as the ABCs of deviance: beliefs (attitudes), acts (behaviors), or traits (conditions).
Four models that present a logical and reasonable approach to behavioral change include the Health Belief Model, the Theory of Self Efficacy, the Theory of Reasoned Action, and the Multiattribute Utility Model.
: someone or something that deviates from a norm. especially : a person who differs markedly (as in social adjustment or behavior) from what is considered normal or acceptable.
An act can be deviant but not criminal i.e. breaking social, but not legal, rules. Examples, of this include acts that are seen as deviant when they occur in a certain context, such as a male manager wearing a dress to the office or someone talking loudly in the middle of a concert.