Stage 1: just erythema of the skin. Stage 2: erythema with the loss of partial thickness of the skin including epidermis and part of the superficial dermis. Stage 3: full thickness ulcer that might involve the subcutaneous fat. Stage 4: full thickness ulcer with the involvement of the muscle or bone.
Wound healing is classically divided into 4 stages: (A) hemostasis, (B) inflammation, (C) proliferation, and (D) remodeling. Each stage is characterized by key molecular and cellular events and is coordinated by a host of secreted factors that are recognized and released by the cells of the wounding response.
Phases of Normal Wound Healing. Cellular and molecular events during normal wound healing progress through four major, integrated, phases of haemostasis, inflammation, proliferation and remodelling.
The five types of wounds are abrasion, avulsion, incision, laceration, and puncture.
Acute or Chronic - A wound can be classified as acute or chronic depending on the healing time. Acute wounds are those that heal without any complications in a predicted amount of time. While chronic wounds, on the other hand, are those that take a relatively long time to heal with some complications.
Types of traumatic wounds include abrasions, lacerations, avulsions, punctures, and excoriations. Differentiating the types of traumatic open wounds involves noting the characteristics of the tissue, as well as the nature of the mechanical force that caused it.
The four phases of wound healing. The complicated mechanism of wound healing occurs in four phases: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodelling.
In adults, optimal wound healing should involve four continuous and overlapping phases: Haemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodelling .
Stage 4 Pressure Injury/Ulcer
Full-thickness skin and tissue loss with exposed or directly palpable fascia, muscle, tendon, ligament, cartilage or bone in the ulcer.
Hemostasis, the first phase of healing, begins at the onset of injury, and the objective is to stop the bleeding. In this phase, the body activates its emergency repair system, the blood clotting system, and forms a dam to block the drainage.
Phase 2: Inflammation
This phase works to kill bacteria and remove debris with white and other blood cells. Inflammation ensures that your wound is clean and ready for new tissue to start growing. This phase can be the most painful of all.
Stage Five: Acceptance
It is at this stage that faith develops and growth follows. A new life is within your reach. A crisis can be the stimulus that breaks old habits and generates change. You must allow time to bring healing – above all, you must be willing to be a healed person.
Wound bed. Healthy granulation tissue is pink in colour and is an indicator of healing. Unhealthy granulation is dark red in colour, often bleeds on contact, and may indicate the presence of wound infection. Such wounds should be cultured and treated in the light of microbiological results.
Stage 4: Full thickness tissue loss with exposed bone, tendon or muscle. Slough or eschar may be present on some parts of the wound bed. Often include undermining and tunneling.
The wound-healing process consists of four highly integrated and overlapping phases: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and tissue remodeling or resolution (Gosain and DiPietro, 2004).
Once the wound has formed a scab, there is no longer the need to cover it with a bandage as the scab now acts as a protective barrier. Keep the area clean, but be gentle so that you do not accidentally remove the scab.
Compression therapy
Compression dressings or specialty made garments helps wounds heal faster by limiting swelling, maximizes the tissues ability to receive the oxygenated blood, and helps to reduce pain.
After the initial discharge of a bit of pus and blood, your wound should be clear. If the discharge continues through the wound healing process and begins to smell bad or have discoloration, it's probably a sign of infection.
Wound granulation is the development of new tissue and blood vessels in a wound during the healing process. During wound granulation, the wound may appear bright red or pink, soft, moist, bumpy, and be raised above the surrounding skin.
These include age, body type, chronic disease, immunosuppression, nutritional status, radiation therapy, and vascular insufficiencies. Age. Wounds in older patients may heal more slowly than those in younger patients, mainly because of comorbidities that occur as a person ages.