This article throws light upon the top fourteen techniques of control used in an organisation. Some of the techniques are: 1. Personal Observation 2. Budgetary Control 3.
Three basic types of control systems are available to executives: (1) output control, (2) behavioural control, and (3) clan control. Different organizations emphasize different types of control, but most organizations use a mix of all three types.
The four types of control systems are belief systems, boundary systems, diagnostic systems, and interactive system.
Three basic types of control systems are available to executives: (1) output control, (2) behavioral control, and (3) clan control. Different organizations emphasize different types of control, but most organizations use a mix of all three types.
The six principles of control activities are: 1) Establishment of responsibility, 2) Segregation of duties, 3) Documentation procedures, 4) Physical controls, 5) Independent internal verification, 6) Human resource controls.
Modern techniques of controlling are those which are of recent origin & are comparatively new in management literature. These techniques provide a refreshingly new thinking on the ways in which various aspects of an organization can be controlled. These include: Return on investment. Ratio analysis.
Controlling means to make sure that the activities in an organisation are performed as per the plans. The controlling function finds out how far actual performance deviates from standards. It analyses the causes of such deviations and attempts to take corrective actions based on the same.
Open-loop and closed-loop control
There are two common classes of control action: open loop and closed loop. In an open-loop control system, the control action from the controller is independent of the process variable.
The first step in the controlling process is fixation of standards because standards are the criteria against which actual performance would be measured. Standards serve as benchmarks towards which an organisation strives to work. It can be set in both quantitative and qualitative terms.
Controlling detects any kind of deviation and accordingly corrective actions are implemented. This helps in reducing the gap between expected and actual results and in this way helps in achieving the organisational objectives. 2.
The traditional techniques are: 1. Personal Observation 2. Budgetary Control 3. Break-Even Analysis 4. Financial Statements 5.
Classical control theory is a branch of control theory that deals with the behavior of dynamical systems with inputs, and how their behavior is modified by feedback, using the Laplace transform as a basic tool to model such systems.
The seven internal control procedures are separation of duties, access controls, physical audits, standardized documentation, trial balances, periodic reconciliations, and approval authority.
NIOSH defines five rungs of the Hierarchy of Controls: elimination, substitution, engineering controls, administrative controls and personal protective equipment. The hierarchy is arranged beginning with the most effective controls and proceeds to the least effective.
The most effective control measure involves eliminating the hazard and its associated risk. The best way to eliminate a hazard is to not introduce the hazard in the first place. For example, you can eliminate the risk of a fall from height by doing the work at ground level.
The 5 hierarchies of control consist of; elimination, substitution, engineering controls, administrative controls, and PPE (Personal Protective Equipment).
Here are controls: Strong tone at the top; Leadership communicates importance of quality; Accounts reconciled monthly; Leaders review financial results; Log-in credentials; Limits on check signing; Physical access to cash, Inventory; Invoices marked paid to avoid double payment; and, Payroll reviewed by leaders.