It is thought that nail biting may also be linked with having a perfectionist personality type. Perfectionism is associated with a low boredom threshold and a much-reduced tolerance for frustration.
Nail biting explained
Anxiety: Nail biting can be a sign of anxiety or stress. The repetitive behavior seems to help some people cope with challenging emotions. Boredom: Behaviors such as nail biting and hair twirling are more common when you're bored, hungry, or need to keep your hands busy.
Nail biting almost always begins in childhood. It's a behavior often associated with stress or anxiety, but it's likely more complicated than that. For instance, one theory is that it helps some people regulate their emotions — or it feels like it does anyways.
“Nail-biting is frequently associated with anxiety, because the act of chewing on nails reportedly relieves stress, tension, or boredom. People who habitually bite their nails often report that they do so when they feel nervous, bored, lonely, or even hungry,” said Aishwarya Vichare, dietician, Bhatia Hospital Mumbai.
Further, from comorbidity analyses, a nail-biting habit among ADHD children was associated with maladjustment disorder, and not with anxiety disorder commonly seen in ADHD patients. Therefore, nail biting is a possible indication of the presence of the more severe ADHD-C subtype.
In some cases, nail biting can be caused by an underlying mental health condition. For example, chronic nail biting may be a sign of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). OCD causes you to use repetitive, compulsive behaviors to ease the anxiety caused by obsessive, intrusive thoughts.
Dermatophagia or “wolf-biting”5 is another obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)-related disorder and is defined as the compulsion to bite one's own skin. Since many patients do not eat/ingest their skin but simply bite or gnaw on it, researchers have recommended using the term dermatodaxia instead of dermatophagia.
Sometimes, nail biting can be a sign of emotional or mental stress. It tends to show up in people who are nervous, anxious or feeling down. It's a way to cope with these feelings. You may also find yourself doing it when you're bored, hungry or feeling insecure.
Zinc deficiency may manifest in the body in a number of ways. An external sign that a person is deficient in zinc is the condition of their nails.
And repeatedly biting your nails can cause some short-term issues to develop, including: Dental problems such as misalignment and chipped teeth. Fungal infections in the nail bed. Illness, as fingers pass bacteria to your mouth.
Nail-biting (onychophagia) is a common stress-relieving habit. You may bite your nails in times of stress or excitement, or in times of boredom or inactivity. It can also be a learned behavior from family members.
"It's not pre-planned - it's a very spontaneous, emotional response. He's doing it on impulse," says the psychologist, who has studied the footage extensively. Most often biting is a sign of frustration. A negative response when tensions reach boiling point, he says.
Research has revealed the following common reasons for the behavior (Siddiqui et al., 2020): Nervousness: Due to stress and anxiety. In this instance, nail biting is temporarily appealing due to the calming effect it has on the nervous system. Emotions: Our emotional make-up is integral to why we turn to nail biting.
2 Nail changes in vitamin B12 deficiency present as hyperpigmentation of nails like bluish discoloration of nails, blue-black pigmentation with dark longitudinal streaks, and longitudinal and reticulate darkened streaks. The nail pigmentation associated with B12 deficiency is more frequent in patients with dark skin.
In fact, healthcare providers classify chronic nail biting as a type of obsessive-compulsive disorder or a body-focused repetitive behavior (BFRB).
Onychophagia, commonly referred to as nail biting, is a chronic condition that is repetitive and compulsive in nature, and generally seen in children and young adults. Multiple factors play a role in the development of nail biting, ranging from genetic components to underlying psychiatric conditions.
Cute aggression can also be considered a part of our “social biting” which we may have learnt from our ancestors. According to a research conducted psychological scientists of Yale University, the desire to pseudo-bite or squeeze anything we find excruciatingly cute is actually a neurochemical reaction.
Morsicatio buccarum, or chronic cheek biting, is where a person bites down on the inside of their cheek repetitively or compulsively.
Pharmacotherapy: In some cases, doctors may recommend the use of certain medications, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), to help with nail biting. However, doctors must make such prescriptions carefully, as SSRIs can worsen impulse-related conditions.
As Diller explains, waiting for the natural nail to grow beneath the fake nails is the best way to ensure you break your nail-biting habit. "It usually takes about 90 days to change most habits (and keep the new one), but it depends on how long-standing the habit is," adds Diller.
The research, published in the catchily-named Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, found that nail-biters are more prone to boredom, and experience higher levels of frustration and impatience when they don't achieve their goals, compared to those with flawless cuticles.