Systemic factors refer to the overall state of health of patients, including underlying conditions that can impact wound healing. They include age, sex hormones, diabetes, stress, obesity, medications, and smoking or alcohol usage.
Systemic diseases.
Common medical conditions that may affect healing are (1) diabetes, (2) vascular diseases, (3) pulmonary diseases, (4) immunocompromised or autoimmune conditions, and (5) conditions that affect the autonomic nervous system.
Systemic complications include bacterial infections such as cellulitis (affecting skin), osteomyelitis (affecting bone) or septicaemia (affecting blood). Most complications stem from increased bacterial growth, highlighting the need for professional care.
Systemic Infection
It occurs when microorganisms introduced via the wound bed have proliferated throughout the body. Symptoms of systemic infection include severe sepsis, septic shock, organ failure, and death.
An infection that is in the bloodstream is called a systemic infection. An infection that affects only one body part or organ is called a localized infection.
Although not an all-inclusive list, some of the more common complications include infection, tissue necrosis and gangrene, periwound dermatitis, periwound edema, osteomyelitis, hematomas, and dehiscence.
Patient risk factors for wound infection include advanced age, malnutrition, hypovolemia, obesity, steroid use, diabetes, use of immunosuppressive agents, smoking, and coexistent infection at a remote site.
By systemic factors, we refer to the factors that are external to the substance and method of psychology, but are associated with the environment in which psychologists operate.
Systemic therapy. From families to orchestras, co-workers to sports teams – systemic therapy focuses on relationships between a group of people, rather than solely on an individual's thoughts and feelings. It's often used as an umbrella term to cover family therapy or couples therapy.
An infected wound is a localized defect or excavation of the skin or underlying soft tissue in which pathogenic organisms have invaded into viable tissue surrounding the wound. Infection of the wound triggers the body's immune response, causing inflammation and tissue damage, as well as slowing the healing process.
The causes of dehiscence are similar to the causes of poor wound healing and include ischemia, infection, increased abdominal pressure, diabetes, malnutrition, smoking, and obesity. [1] Superficial dehiscence is when the wound edges begin to separate and by increased bleeding or drainage at the site.
Wound healing can be delayed by systemic factors that bear little or no direct relation to the location of the wound itself. These include age, body type, chronic disease, immunosuppression, nutritional status, radiation therapy, and vascular insufficiencies.
Infection is the most common wound care complication and is caused by any break in the skin that allows bacteria to enter. SSIs normally occur within 30 days after surgery and are categorized as superficial incisional, deep incisional, and organ or space.
Systemic disorders can have gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations which are characterized by nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, abdominal pain, jaundice, and abnormal liver function tests. These gastrointestinal symptoms can be signs of various immunologic, infectious, and endocrine diseases.
Local effects occur at the area of the body which has been in contact with the chemical. Examples are injuries from acids or lung injuries from inhaled reactive gases. Systemic effects occur after the chemical has been absorbed and distributed from the entry point to other parts of the body.
Local effects from chemical exposure occur at the site of contact, i.e., eye irritation, skin burns or blistering, respiratory distress, or pulmonary edema. Systemic effects occur at a location distant from the point of contact, i.e., liver, CNS, heart, or kidneys.
Systemic infections can also be as severe as local infections & life threatening, example Sepsis etc. Sepsis or blood poisoning is the leading cause of death in intensive care units. It affects over 26 million people worldwide each year. 258,000 people die from sepsis every year in the U.S. alone.
Systemic means affecting the entire body, rather than a single organ or body part. For example, systemic disorders, such as high blood pressure, or systemic diseases, such as influenza (the flu), affect the entire body. An infection that is in the bloodstream is called a systemic infection.
When germs get into a person's body, they can cause an infection. If you don't stop that infection, it can cause sepsis. Bacterial infections cause most cases of sepsis. Sepsis can also be a result of other infections, including viral infections, such as COVID-19 or influenza, or fungal infections.