Examples of the /ʊ/ phoneme foot /fʊt/ full /fʊl/ pull /pʊl/ push /pʊʆ/
/ʊ/is a high, back, lax vowel. To make it, your tongue should be lifted high in the mouth (slightly lower than /u/), and shifted toward the back. Keep your lips relaxed and slightly open. Then, vibrate your vocal cords as you push air out of your mouth.
The biggest difference between these two sounds is that /ɒ/ is a short vowel and /ɔ:/ is a long one. The mouth position is also slightly different, with the mouth in /ɔ:/ being slightly tighter and more rounded.
Example words containing /ɒ/: stop, hot, pop, cross, foreign, lobby, knowledge. To explore how to make the vowel /ɒ/ first try this general setting for /ɒ/ The lips are rounded though not as forward as for /ɔː/ and /uː/, the jaw is low creating quite a large resonant space in the mouth. The tongue is back, and low.
Some common words containing /ɔːr/ include the following: with "or": afford - born - cork - for - force - fork - form - horse - ignore - important - lord - morning - nor - north - or - order - pork - report - short - sport - storm - support - sword.
Pronunciation: The sound /ʃ/ is a voiceless, alveo-palatal, fricative consonant. Lightly press the middle of your tongue between your alveolar ridge and your soft palate. The sides of your tongue should lightly touch your back upper teeth.
/ɛ/ is mid-open, front, unrounded and oral, e.g.: belle [bɛl] , mettre [mɛtʁ] , est /ɛ/ , vienne [vjɛn] . As you can see, these vowels are identical, except that the tongue is a little higher for /e/ than it is for /ɛ/.
How to Produce /ɒ/? To produce it, drop the jaw just a little and round the lips, unlike the unrounded /ɑ/ sound. Push your lips together and make a short, voiced sound. As you can see in the picture, the mouth is slightly more open than the /æ/ sound and less rounded than when producing the /ɔ/ sound.
To make the /ɛ/ sound:
This vowel is a mid-front vowel. Position your tongue at mid-height in your mouth, and shift it toward the front. The muscles of your lips and mouth should be relaxed. Vibrate your vocal cords with your mouth in this position.
The open-mid back rounded vowel, or low-mid back rounded vowel, is a type of vowel sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ɔ⟩. The IPA symbol is a turned letter c and both the symbol and the sound are commonly called "open-o".
The phoneme /ɔ/ is a rounded, mid to high-mid vowel in Afrikaans. The tongue body is somewhat raised and retracted, the lips are slightly rounded and the front cavity is enlarged due to pursing of the lips.
The sound /ɛ/ is a mid, front, lax vowel. Move your tongue towards the middle of your mouth.
The /ɛ/ sound is one of the twelve American English single vowel sounds. Note for geeks: the /ɛ/ sound is a low-mid, relaxed, front vowel.
Open-mid front unrounded vowel The IPA phonetic symbol [ɛ] represents an open-mid front unrounded vowel, like the most common pronunciation of the English phoneme /e/ (as in dress).
The sounds /tʃ/ and /ʃ/ are both voiceless, alveo-palatal consonants. However, /tʃ/ is an affricate while /ʃ/ is a fricative. When you pronounce /tʃ/, the air in your mouth should stop (like a /t/) before it is released (like a /ʃ/).
Sound 1: /tʃ/ Tip:To produce this sound, your tongue should touch the tooth ridge to stop air. Then, move your tongue behind the tooth ridge to release air. The sound /dʒ/ begins as a stop (with no air coming through the mouth) but then moves into a fricative (with some air released).
/ɜ/ is located a tiny bit lower than /ə/, meaning the mouth is a bit more open while articulating /ɜ/, so we can say /ɜ/ is 'open-mid' vowel. An open-mid vowel is one in which the tongue is positioned one third of the way from an open vowel to a close vowel. But this distinction is incomprehensibly minuscule.
The upside down V is show over vowels and means it's a short sound, as opposed to a long sound. For instance “cat” has a short 'a' vs “cape” which has the long 'a' sound.
The open back rounded vowel, or low back rounded vowel, is a type of vowel sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ɒ⟩.