Triangular flap is the most common approach used by many surgeons. The disadvantage is that the triangular flap has difficulty to achieve primary wound closure on healthy bones, making it possible for dehiscence and complications such as alveolar osteitis.
Depending on the layout of the incisions, the following flaps are distinguished: Sulcular incision. Gingival or enveloping incision. Triangular incision (partial Neumann)
To access it, a flap-like incision is made in the gum tissue. This allows diseased tissue to be removed from inside the pocket, and provides access to the teeth's root surfaces for a thorough cleaning, which helps to eliminate harmful plaque and calculus (tartar). Afterward, the “flap” is closed, sealing the area.
Local flaps are those that are derived from the immediate area of resection common examples of these include buccal pad of fat flap, nasolabial flap, and facial artery musculo- mucosal (FAMM) flap.
A flap is a section of soft tissue outlined by a surgical incision. It carries its own blood supply, permits surgical access, and when replaced and sutured is expected to heal by primary intention. A full-thickness mucoperiosteal flap includes the surface mucosa, submucosa and the periosteum.
How long does it take to heal from gum flap surgery? It will take about two to three weeks for the surgery to heal, and this includes your gum tissue being fully intact. But in one to two days, you should expect no pain. Gum bleeds should also have ceased.
Triangular flap is the most common approach used by many surgeons. The disadvantage is that the triangular flap has difficulty to achieve primary wound closure on healthy bones, making it possible for dehiscence and complications such as alveolar osteitis.
Gastrocnemius muscle flap is widely used as a workhorse for reconstruction of knee and upper third leg defect while soleus muscle flap is reliable for covering middle and lower leg defects.
A free fibular flap is commonly used and is considered the gold standard in mandibular reconstruction with a good success rate [4, 7, 8, 10-12]. A single free fibular flap can provide major support in reconstructing two jaws and a facial profile reconstruction with sufficient 3D spatial placement [10].
7.4 Neumann flap
This flap involves intrasulcular incision in its triangular and trapezoidal versions and offers perfect access for periapical surgery, with sufficient access to the affected bone and lesion-related roots.
The obvious principal benefit of using a lingual-based flap, when extracting a lower impacted third molar, is to ensure the best vision and eliminate the possibility of lingual nerve damage (22).
The labial frenum is the tissue connecting the gum tissue between the two front teeth to the upper lip.
An Operculectomy is a minor surgical procedure where the affected soft tissue/ the flap of gum over the wisdom tooth, is cut away, preventing further build-up of debris and plaque, and subsequent inflammation.
Flaps may be composed of just one type of tissue or several different types of tissue. Flaps composed of one type of tissue include skin (cutaneous), fascia, muscle, bone, and visceral (eg, colon, small intestine, omentum) flaps.
A flap is any piece of tissue that is moved to cover a wound. A free flap is a piece of tissue that is disconnected from its' original blood supply, and is moved a significant distance to be reconnected to a new blood supply.
When the TRAM flap is a pedicle flap, it remains attached to its blood supply, with the tissue surgically tunneled underneath the skin to the breast region. When the TRAM flap is a free flap, the tissue is detached and cut away from its blood supply before being transferred.
Skin flaps are thought to provide better cosmetic results than skin grafting (Fig. 5), as the skin tone and texture are usually better matched. Additionally, they have a reduced chance of failure in comparison to skin grafts.
Results. Overall flap success rate was 90%, with the radial forearm flap occurring to be most reliable (93%) in head and neck reconstruction.
The success rates of DIEP flap surgery are between 96% and 99%. People with risk factors such as diabetes, high blood pressure and high cholesterol may have success rates on the lower end of this range.
TRAM flap focuses on using tissue from your abdominal muscles, as well as some soft tissue. DIEP flap spares the abdominal muscle and uses only soft fat tissue and local blood vessels. Each procedure has long recovery times, and similar side effects.
The deltopectoral flap is beneficial for significant reconstruction of the cheek, offering up to 250 cm2 of transferable cutaneous tissue.
Flap surgery isn't a cure for periodontal disease — but it helps create an environment that makes it easier to maintain your periodontal health. And even if you're prone to gum disease, proper professional treatment and regular care at home can help keep your teeth healthy for as long as possible.
Risks: After the surgery, you may have some bleeding and swelling. There is a risk that you could develop an infection. Your gums in the area that was treated are more likely to recede over time.
Plain flaps, slotted flaps, and Fowler flaps are the most common. Krueger flaps are positioned on the leading edge of the wings and are used on many jet airliners. The Fowler, Fairey-Youngman and Gouge types of flap increase the wing area in addition to changing the camber.