Why experts agree authoritative parenting is the most effective style. Studies have found that authoritative parents are more likely to raise confident kids who achieve academic success, have better social skills and are more capable at problem-solving.
The parenting style that is best for children is the supportive style. It's a style where you are warm and loving and you're affectionate but you also create structure and boundaries for your children, and you guide their behaviour.
The authoritative parenting style is the most effective and preferred parenting style by child psychologists. This type of parenting style helps prepare your child to lead a well-balanced and successful life physically, cognitively, emotionally, socially, and academically.
Parenting styles vary from person to person, but a few main categories have been identified by researchers over the years. In the 1960s, psychologist Diana Baumrind identified three main styles of parenting: authoritarian, authoritative and permissive.
The authoritative parenting style is the most common parenting style and the majority of the parents adopt mixed parenting styles.
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Thus, this study shows that self-esteem is highest among students with authoritative parents and lowest among students with neglectful parents. It also shows that permissive parenting styles facilitate self-esteem more than authoritarian and neglectful parenting styles.
An authoritative parenting style has consistently been associated with positive developmental outcomes in youth, such as psychosocial competence (e.g., maturation, resilience, optimism, self-reliance, social competence, self-esteem) and academic achievement (e.g., Baumrind 1991; Lamborn et al.
Authoritarian parenting places a strong emphasis on safety—both emotional and physical—which minimizes the types of risky behavior a child may engage in. Children who grasp the outcome of a harmful action are more likely to stay away from it.
Uninvolved parenting is a parenting style characterized by low responsiveness and low demandingness. These neglectful parents are uninvolved in their child's life. They do not meet their child's needs, whether it's basic or emotional needs. They also do not set boundaries or discipline their children.
Permissive parents tend to be warm, nurturing and usually have minimal or no expectations. They impose limited rules on their children. Communication remains open, but parents allow their children to figure things out for themselves. These low levels of expectation usually result in rare uses of discipline.
An examination of various parenting styles and reflection on our own modes of parenting, can be very beneficial in honing our parenting skills for the sake of our children as they grow and mature under our guidance and discipline. Two of the best parenting styles are 'democratic' and 'authoritative'.
The consequences of authoritarian parenting are more negative than positive. Below are some of the negative effects: Low self-esteem. While encouraging good behavior helps to reinforce discipline, criticizing makes the child doubt their worth and potential.
Compared with kids from authoritarian families, children with permissive parents may be less likely to experience behavior problems. They might also have fewer emotional problems. But these kids tend to have more troubles than children raised by authoritative parents, and they may achieve less in school.
Effects of Authoritative Parenting
In the past, child development experts influenced by Baumrind's work generally identified the authoritative parenting style as the best approach to parenting. Research has repeatedly shown that children raised by authoritative parents tend to be more capable, happy, and successful.
Children raised with authoritative discipline tend to be happy and successful. They're also more likely to be good at making sound decisions and evaluating safety risks on their own.
Free-range parenting is inappropriate for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Children with ASD need higher levels of focused parental engagement, with parents who help them learn how to socialize, converse, pretend, ask questions, investigate the world, and build other important skills.
Free-range parenting encourages kids to become independent by letting them have greater autonomy and less supervision in other areas of life. It is different from permissive parenting, because rules and expectations are still enforced in general.
This rigid parenting style uses stern discipline, often justified as “tough love.” In attempt to be in full control, authoritarian parents often talk to their children without wanting input or feedback.
An authoritarian parenting style includes rigid discipline, demanding behaviour, and can include abuse.
Previous studies in the US have indicated that first-born adolescents are more likely to have higher self-esteem than other siblings and only children (18), whereas middle-born adolescent males are found to have lower self-esteem (19).
4 Ps: Practice, Praise, Point Out, and Prompt
The four P's stand for Practice, Praise, Point out, and Prompt. The purpose of the four “P's” is to break down the skills into concrete components that the parent can easily teach to their child.
Parenting with the values of respect, responsibility, reciprocity, and restraint is a winning strategy. Dr. Bovell does a wonderful job of laying out the Four R's of Parenting and their impact on parenting.
The 4 S's refer to four key concepts for children to develop secure attachments. Within this framework, helping children feel “seen,” “safe,” “soothed,” and “secure” may help them become trusting and confident adults. Bretherton I. (1992).