Several studies have investigated the causes of death in trauma patients. Baker et al found that brain injury accounted for a majority of deaths, at 50% (13). Heart or aortic injury (17%), hemorrhage (12%), sepsis (10%), lung injury (6%), burn (3%), and liver injury (2%) accounted for the remainder.
We found that traumatic brain injury was the leading cause of traumatic death, accounting for 55% of all trau- ma-related deaths; however, 95.3% of them were NP, with less than a 25% chance of survival.
Brain injury is still the leading cause of death after multiple trauma. Especially early deaths (up to 24 hours) and first week deaths are more often due to brain injury [13]. The second frequent cause of death is exsanguination mainly due to thoracic or abdominal injuries.
Abstract. Objective: The classical trimodal distribution of trauma deaths describes three peaks of deaths following trauma: immediate, early and late deaths.
While hemorrhage is the most common cause of shock in the trauma patient, other causes of shock are to remain on the differential. Obstructive shock can occur in the setting of tension pneumothorax and cardiac tamponade.
A Level I trauma center can provide the highest level of care for a patient presenting after a traumatic injury. A Level IV or V trauma center will stabilize an injured patient and arrange for transfer to a higher level of care. This designation is unique for adult and pediatric facilities.
The world's biggest killer is ischaemic heart disease, responsible for 16% of the world's total deaths.
In the youngest age group of 18 to 54 years, the strongest attributable risk factor for all-cause mortality was suboptimal control of blood pressure. Among people aged ≥75 years, chronic kidney disease (CKD) accounted for the largest proportion of mortality events.
Who is Affected by Trauma? Trauma has no boundaries regarding age, gender, socioeconomic status, race, ethnicity, or sexual orientation. Trauma is a common experience for adults and children in American communities, and it is especially common in the lives of people with mental and substance use disorders.
The brain becomes somewhat disorganized and overwhelmed because of the trauma, while the body goes into a survival mode and shuts down the higher reasoning and language structures of the brain.
In fact, young children between the ages of 0 and 5 are the most vulnerable to the effects of trauma since their brains are still in the early formative years.
Major trauma describes serious and often multiple injuries where there is a strong possibility of death or disability. These might include serious head, chest, abdominal and skeletal injuries sustained as a result of accidents, sport or violence.
Toxic trauma (TT) denotes the complex of systemic and organ injury caused by toxic agents. Often, TT is associated with other injuries that also require the application of life-support techniques. Rapid onset of acute respiratory failure and consequent cardiovascular failure are of primary concern.
Triggers can include sights, sounds, smells, or thoughts that remind you of the traumatic event in some way. Some PTSD triggers are obvious, such as seeing a news report of an assault. Others are less clear.
The trauma-informed approach is guided four assumptions, known as the “Four R's”: Realization about trauma and how it can affect people and groups, recognizing the signs of trauma, having a system which can respond to trauma, and resisting re-traumatization.
Trauma disorders are mental health conditions that are caused by a traumatic experience. Trauma is subjective, but common examples that may trigger a disorder include abuse, neglect, witnessing violence, losing a loved one, or being in a natural disaster.
Major trauma patients experience a 20% mortality rate overall, and many survivors remain permanently disabled. In order to monitor the quality of trauma care in the Trauma System, outcomes assessment is essential.
The overall mortality rate was 3.7%, and the mortality rate among trauma patients without complications was only 2.8% (non-precedented deaths). However, the mortality rate among trauma patients with any complications was 10.2% (FTR).
Globally, infectious diseases, including acute respiratory infections, diarrhoea and malaria, along with pre-term birth complications, birth asphyxia and trauma and congenital anomalies remain the leading causes of death for children under 5.