A coastal town located on the east bank of the mouth of the
The first settlement, at Sydney, consisted of about 850 convicts and their Marine guards and officers, led by Governor Arthur Phillip. They arrived at Botany Bay in the "First Fleet" of 9 transport ships accompanied by 2 small warships, in January, 1788.
With an approximate population of 4.5 million inhabitants, Sydney is the largest and the oldest city in Australia. The first settlers arrived in 1788. Situated on Sydney Harbour and next to Circular Quay, The Rocks is the starting point of European settlement in Australia.
A city in Australia little known because of its island location, Hobart is the second oldest city in Australia after Sydney. It is also the capital of the island of Tasmania, located south of Melbourne a few hours by ferry.
Haberfield, in the municipality of Ashfield, was Australia's first successful planned 'model suburb', embodying the then-evolving international garden suburb principles. Begun at the time of Federation in 1901, it predates British examples such as Letchworth (1904) and Hampstead (1907).
A coastal town located on the east bank of the mouth of the Tamar River, George Town is Australia's third oldest European settlement and Australia's oldest town.
Built in 1788, First Government House was the first major building to be constructed on the Australian mainland. The remains of the building's original foundations in Sydney CBD, provide rare evidence of the earliest years of British settlement in Australia andcontain the only tangible relics of 1788 still in place.
The town is an ex-Hydro village and now a residence for Inland Fisheries Services (IFS) and a Tasmania Police station. It is known for its exceptional fishing at nearby Great Lake and hosts several trout fishing events. Liawenee is the coldest permanently-inhabited place in Australia.
Earth's oldest known piece of continental crust dates to the era of the moon's formation. Australia holds the oldest continental crust on Earth, researchers have confirmed, hills some 4.4 billion years old.
Jericho, Palestine
A small city with a population of 20,000 people, Jericho, which is located in Palestine, is believed to be the oldest city in the world. Indeed, some of the earliest archeological evidence from the area dates back 11,000 years.
Indigenous people have lived in Australia more than 65,000 years ago, according to scientific evidence of human occupation1. To put this in perspective, this is ten times older than the ancient Egyptian pyramids.
Pillinger, Tasmania
Pillinger is an abandoned town on Macquarie Harbour, on Tasmania's west coast. It was constructed in 1897 by Irish prospector James Crotty, who founded North Mount Lyell Company, and it quickly became a thriving port.
Carcoar, which sits off the Mid Western Highway between Bathurst and Cowra, bills itself as "the town that time forgot". Once a rival to Canberra as the nation's capital, it used to be the chief administrative and commercial centre of the Lachlan river.
Kiwirrkurra Community, Western Australia
The Kiwirrkurra Community is known as the most remote in the country. It is located in the Gibson Desert, nearly 530 miles west of Alice Springs and over 745 miles west of Port Hedland.
While Indigenous Australians have inhabited the continent for tens of thousands of years, and traded with nearby islanders, the first documented landing on Australia by a European was in 1606. The Dutch explorer Willem Janszoon landed on the western side of Cape York Peninsula and charted about 300 km of coastline.
Well, at the moment, Çatalhöyük is the first known city in the world – the first place where surrounding villages came together and formed a central location and began the sort of urban civilization that dominates the modern world.
The culture of Australia's Aboriginal people is one of the oldest in the world – Aboriginal Australian Culture dates back more than 60,000 years! There are many archaeological sites throughout the country where the long history of Indigenous people can be found.
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders: Australia's First Peoples.
The country's oldest known bone artifact, found at Carpenter's Gap in Western Australia, dates to 46,000 years ago. Yet, because of their fragility, these objects are discovered much less often than stone and shell artifacts.
Oodnadatta, South Australia
Of course we Aussies don't have to travel far to feel the heat, especially during the Australian summer months. The record for the highest official temperature ever recorded in Australia belongs to the remote outback town of Oodnadatta in South Australia.
Orange, New South Wales.
It also happens to be home to the Brewarrina Fish Traps – known as Baiame's Ngunnhu [pronounced By-ah-mee's noon-oo]by the Ngemba people – which is possibly the oldest known human-made structure on earth. Dwell on that for a second… the oldest known human-made structure on earth, dating back at least 40,000 years.
It is widely believed that the oldest building in Sydney and Australia's oldest building is Elizabeth Farm in the Sydney suburb of Rosehill. Built in 1793 by John Macarthur, it originally served as a property for Marcarthur and his family, making it the oldest house in Australia.
The Sydney Opera House is a multi-venue performing arts centre in Sydney. Located on the foreshore of Sydney Harbour, it is widely regarded as one of the world's most famous and distinctive buildings and a masterpiece of 20th-century architecture.