The initial five-year plans aimed to achieve rapid industrialization in the Soviet Union and thus placed a major focus on heavy industry. The first five-year plan, accepted in 1928 for the period from 1929 to 1933, finished one year early.
The purposes of the Five-Year Plan, as set forth by responsible officials at Moscow, are the creation of a more adequate industrial development in an industrially backward country and the introduction of more efficient methods of agriculture, including large-scale, highly mechanized farming on coöperative lines.
The Soviet Union's achievements were tremendous during the first five-year plan, which yielded a fifty-percent increase in industrial output. To achieve this massive economic growth, the Soviet Union had to reroute essential resources to meet the needs of heavy industry.
In 1928 Stalin introduced an economic policy based on a cycle of Five-Year Plans. The First Five-Year Plan called for the collectivization of agriculture and the expansion of heavy industry, like fuel extraction, energy generation, and steel production.
The Plan was successful, but it wasn t a resounding success, this is because although the industry and economy grew, the USSR did not complete the targets they had aimed for in the First Five-Year plan. The successes of the First Five-Year are all long-term successes.
The First Five-Year Plan was declared a success by Stalin in 1932, about 10 months earlier than planned, having exceeded the production goals for heavy industry. In spite of these declarations of success, the plan failed to meet all the quotas and had an enormous human toll.
Out of the 12 Five-Year Plans that were implemented, seven failed to achieve their target. The reasons for this failure include shortage of resources and faulty implementation of plans.
Officially, the first five-year plan for the industry was fulfilled to the extent of 93.7% in just four years and three months. The means of production in regards to heavy industry exceeded the quota, registering 103.4%. The light, or consumer goods, the industry reached up to 84.9% of its assigned quota.
The first five year plan was created in order to initiate rapid and large-scale industrialization across the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). Having begun on October 1st, 1928, the plan was already in its second year when Harry Byers first set foot in the Soviet Union.
In 1928, Stalin launched his First Five-Year Plan to speed up the process of industrialisation in the Soviet Union so that it could compete with output levels in developed capitalist economies.
Through this plan, Stalin's efforts to bring more people into the industry was successful, thus allowing the number of workers of double, resulting in massive increases in the production of capital goods. This then enabled the USSR to become one of the world's greatest industrial powers.
During the planning period, the highest growth rate was achieved during the 10th five years plan. Five Years Plan: The Indian economy has been focused on the concept of economic planning since 1947.
From 1928 to 1940, the number of Soviet workers in industry, construction and transport increased from 4.6 million to 12.6 million. Stalin's first five year plan alone helped bring Russia to being one of the leading industrial nations.
The Moscow Trial showed that the Five-Year Plan was doing badly in many branches. While the first year of the Plan was a success, the second was disappointing to the Communists. Production did increase, but it was at the expense of quality and at the expense of the standard of living of the workers.
In terms of economic growth, the First Five-Year Plan was quite successful, especially in those areas emphasized by the Soviet-style development strategy. A solid foundation was created in heavy industry.
In 1938, Stalin reversed his stance on the purges and declared that the internal enemies had been removed. Stalin criticized the NKVD for carrying out mass executions and subsequently executed Genrikh Yagoda and Nikolai Yezhov, who headed the NKVD during the purge years.
It included the creation of a one-party totalitarian police state, rapid industrialization, the theory of socialism in one country (until 1939), collectivization of agriculture, intensification of class conflict, a cult of personality, and subordination of the interests of foreign communist parties to those of the ...
Peasants feared that if they joined the collective farm they would be marked with the stamp of the Antichrist. They faced a choice between God and the Soviet collective farm. Choosing between salvation and damnation, peasants had no choice but to resist the policies of the state.
The first group of prisoners at Gulag camps included common criminals and prosperous peasants, known as kulaks. Many kulaks were arrested when they revolted against collectivization, a policy enforced by the Soviet government that demanded peasant farmers give up their individual farms and join collective farming.
The Plan resulted in radical measures that forced farmers to give up their land and their livestock. Many people were reduced to extreme poverty and famine became widespread. Terror, violence, and fear replaced the initial optimism about the Plan.
The second Five-Year Plan (1933–37) continued the objectives of the first. Collectivization, coupled with other Stalinist policies, led to terrible famines that caused the deaths of millions of people.
Third Five Year Plan was a failure due to India-China war followed by Indo-Pakistan. Third Five Year Plan (1961-66) aimed to make India's economy 'self-reliant' and 'self-generating'. It has faced a lot of political and economic crisis.
Economic activity was pushed in the direction of heavy industries, which lead to a 350 percent increase in output, in a bid to prepare Russia for an industrialised war. The first Five Year Plan also had a revolutionary effect on society, as millions left the farms to pursue new lives in the cities.
As a result of the first Five-Year Plan, coal production increased by 84%, oil by 90%, steel by 37%, and electricity by 168%. However, there was a decline of agricultural production. Millions of farmers died in the resulting famine, and hundreds of thousands were imprisoned in labor camps (gulags).