It's nothing compared to what her body goes through—but men experience hormonal changes when their partners are pregnant, finds a new University of Michigan study. Researchers tested the hormone levels of first-time fathers-to-be and found that their testosterone dropped as the baby grew.
When pregnancy symptoms such as nausea, weight gain, mood swings and bloating occur in men, the condition is called couvade, or sympathetic pregnancy. Depending on the human culture, couvade can also encompass ritualized behavior by the father during the labor and delivery of his child.
The expectant fathers showed drops in testosterone and estradiol – a form of estrogen – but no changes in cortisol or progesterone, two hormones that are implicated in stress, say the authors. Past research has suggested that new fathers have lower levels of testosterone, but it wasn't known when the decline begins.
Anxiety. It's not uncommon for people to experience restless nights, heartburnand bouts of fatigue while their partners are pregnant. In fact, about 11 percent of fathers experience anxiety during the pre- and postnatal period.
Your relationship with your partner
Pregnancy will bring about big changes to your relationship, especially if this is your first baby. Some people cope with these changes easily, while others find it harder. It's quite common for couples to have arguments every now and then during pregnancy.
Couvade syndrome or sympathetic pregnancy happens when a pregnant woman's partner has symptoms that uncannily mimic pregnancy. Actually, it's not uncommon for men to have symptoms like constipation, gas, bloating, irritability, weight gain, and nausea while their partner is expecting.
The physical side of a relationship can also change dramatically — thanks to exhaustion, dealing with the physical and emotional impact of the birth, and the demands of life with a newborn. It can take time to feel like having sex again after birth (Brotherson, 2007).
Part of the problem is that you're tired and have so much less time to spend with your partner than you did before the baby arrived. It's a lot harder to go out together and enjoy the things you used to do. Your partner may feel left out, and you may resent what you see as a lack of support.
Becoming a Father
Men may feel powerless over their new circumstances. First-time dads may struggle to balance new parenting responsibilities with work and career goals. Remember that you're not alone in your doubts and fears. It's normal to have mixed emotions, so try not to feel guilty about it.
Saxbe, an associate professor, recently had a study published in the journal Cerebral Cortex and found evidence that men develop a sort of “dad brain” after their baby is born, somewhat like how mothers' brains change in response to their newborns.
Majorly, men experience a significant drop in their testosterone levels, and other hormone changes to make them more nurturing and caring for their families. And there is a plus to these hormonal changes – lower levels of testosterone are linked to a reduced risk of prostate cancer and higher cholesterol.
Dr. Gettler found that while all men in the study experienced normal, age-related dips in testosterone, the 465 men who became dads during that five-year period experienced a more significant drop — an average 34 percent (when measured at night) — than those who remained single or married.
Most times, men greeted the news of an unmarried pregnancy with a mixture of fright and excitement. Except in a few instances, men described the pregnancies as unplanned. They wanted to have kids someday, and becoming a father was something that many of them looked forward to.
Men get 'baby brain'
Having a baby literally changes the structure of a guy's brain. According to reports, it has a direct impact on new fathers in the growth of “grey matter”, especially in the lateral pre-frontal cortex which is involved in memory and decision making.
“There are two major changes that happen, generally the first time you become a dad: hormonal changes and brain changes”, explains Dr Anna. Mum and dad are as biologically primed to parent as each other.
But one of the biggest reasons men cry more after becoming dads has to do with biology: You're losing testosterone and gaining more prolactin, vasopressin, and oxytocin . Those are neuro-transmitter hormones that help moms create milk for breastfeeding, and promote bonding with baby.
Indeed, research suggests that fathering daughters changes men's gender attitudes but there is little evidence of change in mothers' attitudes. Among previously-childless men, the birth of a daughter causes a larger shift toward more progressive gender ideology than does the birth of a son (Shafer and Malhotra 2011).
Dads experience hormonal changes, too
Pregnancy, childbirth and breastfeeding all cause hormonal changes in mothers. However, researchers have found that men also undergo hormonal changes when they become fathers. Contact with the mother and children seem to induce the hormonal changes in dads, the researchers said.
At least since 1941, men have told pollsters by more than a two-to-one margin that they would rather have a boy. Women have only a slight preference for daughters. Taking all of this evidence together, the authors conclude that parents in the United States do have a preference for boys over girls.
In the lab: MRIs demonstrated fathers had a greater response to photos of their daughters' happy facial expressions than fathers of sons. At home: After outfitting 52 dads with recorders to wear at home, researchers found that fathers of girls also sang to them more and spoke more openly about emotions.
It takes time
Dads develop their bond with their baby by communicating, caring and playing (Feldman et al, 2010). As your baby develops with smiles, laughter and babbling, a true two-way relationship starts to develop. It can take on average six months to reach this point but it will happen (Machin, 2018).
The truth is, research actually shows that favoring a child isn't all that uncommon. And, like Samantha, most parents will favor their oldest child. Birth order does influence how parents feel about their children, according to a study published in The Journal of Family Psychology.
Have skin-to-skin cuddle time. Human touch is soothing for both you and your baby, so hold him often and stroke him gently. Talk and sing to him regularly, with your eyes looking into his and your face up close. Play with him every day.
The age where a man is most fertile is between 22 and 25 years. It is suggested to have children before the age of 35. After this age, the male fertility begins to worsen. After 35, the sperm might result in pregnancies where mutations can occur.