A mare allows the stallion to approach when ready to breed. Non-receptive mares generally kick-out at stallions and do not allow them to approach. The most intense estrus behavior occurs when a mare is most sexually receptive to a stallion and this intense behavior lasts about three days.
Horses may defend themselves by kicking when they feel another horse is getting too close to its food, its foal, a special herd mate, or if another horse is acting aggressively towards it. In the wild, horses use powerful kicks, often with both back legs at the same time, to ward off predators.
Stallions can be kept with mares if the latter are in foal to the same stallion, are to be covered by the latter, or are not in estrus. They must always be separated at the onset of estrus [16]. However, one must be aware that there is still a residual risk of unwanted pregnancies.
A mare in heat may actively seek out and attempt to stay in the vicinity of a stallion. During the peak of estrus, the mare may sniff, lick, or nuzzle the stallion. A mare in heat will also urinate frequently, particularly if a stallion is teasing her to test her receptiveness.
“Stallions do have favorite mares, who typically match the stallion's energy very well. It is very common for a stallion to have one or two favorite mares with whom they share a strong bond.
Stallions who do not immediately go into battle for the mare are whipped into a fury or gunshots fired to incite them through fear. As the stallions rise in combat, they bite, kick and strike each other with their hooves, inflicting serious wounds and injuries until one of them either succumbs or is killed.
Punishment is another way of letting a bossy horse know that you are not intimidated by kicking. Some horses, particularly those who are testing the bossy kick for the first time, can be corrected with a tug of a lead shank or smack of the palm and a sharp word to remind them of their manners.
If he kicks out, don't panic. Just keep soothing him with your voice and stroking him, until you can stroke a little way down the leg without him lifting it. Then stop and let him rest. Chill-out time is a must to take the pressure off.
When horses squeal, it is usually a warning of horse-on-horse violence. What it Means: A mare will squeal to repel the advances of a stallion, but it may also indicate two horses meeting for the first time. They will sniff one another, then one will squeal as a threat of aggression.
After all, they do need time to eat, sleep, exercise, and socialize. A stallion can typically cover one to three mares a day and about 30 to 40 mares in one year.
As a result, stallions have evolved strategies to safeguard against raising other stallions' offspring. And one of these instincts is to kill young foals – especially males – that are probably not their own, if the opportunity arises.
Horses have evolved to have the stallions present when the foals are born. Stallions under natural conditions appear to be very respectful and “kind” to foals. I have seen domestic horses such as yours do very well when the stallion stays with a mare that was pasture bred.
Minor accidents during natural mating are common occurrences during the breeding of horses. Mares may suffer from a variety of genital injuries including vulval separations, vaginal lacerations and, less commonly, vaginal rupture.
A dominant horse, especially a mare, will usually get the pick of food or prime grazing spot and other horses will defer to both her irritation or her affection. Stallions may exert more overt dominance over other males, including biting, rearing, kicking, or fighting.
Oxytocin levels in the mare normally fluctuate with a circadian rhythm that peaks at night. This way, uterine contractions will often not start in force until the time when the mare's natural daily production of oxytocin rises – between the hours of 8pm and 1am.
The best way to get a horse over pinning his ears or kicking other horses is to expose him to other horses, let him commit to the mistake, and then correct him. Protecting him by keeping him away from other horses is not going to make his cranky attitude go away.
It doesn't happen very often, but sometimes a mare will refuse to care for her newborn foal. Walking away and ignoring the foal is a mild form of rejection; not allowing the baby to nurse is more serious; and in the worst cases, some mares kick, bite, and have even been known to kill their foals.
You can certainly ride a mare with a foal still at foot, although it has its unique challenges. The first important consideration is whether your mare has fully recovered from her pregnancy and delivery.
Once all hand feeding has been eliminated the effective horse person will watch the horse closely and instantly take action on the very moment the horse initiates a bite. The action should be to bump the horse on the shin with your boot, not kick the horse, bump the horse, pain is not advisable.
Cold compresses are the most suitable. They reduce the blood supply to the affected area and so reduce the number of inflammatory cells being brought in – it is these inflammatory cells that cause fluid to leak into the surrounding tissues and cause swelling.
The researchers conclude that, assuming a similar riding ability between riders, there is no fundamental difference in a horse's stress responses elicited by male and female riders.
The most likely reason that mares lie down after mating is because they are overwhelmed and need to rest to bring their heart rate back down to normal levels. Stallions can be aggressive and hyperactive when courting and mating, and horses are socially sensitive creatures.
Though it's rare, mares can occasionally demonstrate behavior that people commonly associate with stallions — acting aggressively, dominating herdmates and even teasing or mounting other mares.