Gold jewelry, such as 18k gold, 14k gold, 10k gold, and even
10k gold can be magnetic, depending on its composition. Being an alloy, it is made up of 10 parts of gold and 14 parts of other metals. If the other metals are magnetic, then the 10k gold piece will also be magnetic, even though pure gold in itself is non-magnetic.
If it's real gold it will not stick to the magnet. (Fun fact: Real gold is not magnetic.) Fake gold, on the other hand, will stick to the magnet.
Check if your gold is real by performing the magnet test. Real gold will not attract a magnet. To test if 18k gold is real, hold it next to a magnet. If the magnet sticks to your jewelry, then it does not have a high percentage of gold but is made up of other, more magnetic metals.
Gold Alloys Are Magnetic
This includes 18k gold, 14k gold, 10k gold, and even white gold. There are different alloys of gold. The most common metals that are alloyed with gold are zinc, copper, nickel, iron, cadmium, aluminum, silver, platinum, and palladium.
10K gold is the least pure, least expensive, yet most durable, form of gold used widely in jewelry today. With its 41.7% gold purity, it's the most impure gold available on the market that can still legally be called “gold” in the US and most other countries.
Acid test.
An acid test can reveal the karat of solid gold jewelry, but it can also show whether jewelry is solid gold or gold-plated. With an acid test, a small sample of the jewelry is removed and exposed to acid to induce a color change. The resulting colors indicate which type of metal the jewelry is made of.
10-Karat Gold
10k gold is the lowest solid gold alloy used for jewelry. It's composed of 41.7% gold and 58.3% alloy. Appearance: 10k gold is pale yellow in color. It's the least yellow of all the karat types since it contains the least amount of gold.
Look for Stamps or Hallmarks in Your Gold Jewelry
Most real gold is stamped with a hallmark that indicates its purity, aka its karat. The karat is the unit used to measure the purity of gold. The higher the karat, the purer the gold. The most common karats you'll see are 10k, 14k, 18k, 22K, and 24k.
Pure gold on its own cannot stick to a magnet. However, if you have an alloy of gold, then it could stick to a magnet. An example of a gold alloy that may stick to a magnet is gold with over 20% of its atoms replaced by iron. In very cold temperatures this alloy of gold may magnetize all on its own.
On the other hand, a piece may be gold plated, but it will not attach to a magnet because its core metal is non-magnetic.
Gold and Platinum are Not Magnetic
It is often advised that you leave your fine gold and platinum jewelry on your person as it is unlikely to cause the security system to react.
Scientifically, gold is classed as diamagnetic, or magnetically inert. This means that it will not be attracted by a magnet, and cannot be turned into a magnet by applying an electrical current to it.
Gold is not a magnetic metal, so if they pull towards the magnet, the beads are fake. However, if they don't react to the magnet, it doesn't necessarily mean they are real, as non-magnetic metals are used in counterfeit pieces as well.
10k gold is the most affordable but still comes with a sizable price tag, meaning 14k gold has a significantly higher price to it. Although overall, purchasing 14k gold over 10k gold will get you more value for money depending on how far your budget can stretch.
Because it has a lower gold content it's stronger, and less likely to scratch, scuff or bend. A second advantage is the price - it's less expensive than 14k because it has less gold. However, one thing to note with 10k is that the color can be less vibrant yellow than 14k gold.
Take a cup or glass, fill it up with water, now bring the gold that you want to test. Drop it into this filled glass. If the gold floats, it is surely not real but if the gold sinks to the end of the glass then it is pure gold. The real gold will sink due to being a heavy metal.
If your gold piece turns black or green when the vinegar is on it, or if it starts to smoke or fizzle at all when the vinegar touches it, it is most likely not real gold. If your gold piece does not change colors and does not fizzle or react to the vinegar in any way, it is probably real.
The Ceramic Scratch Test
Take an unglazed ceramic plate or piece of tile and scrape a piece of gold across its surface. Real gold will leave a gold mark or trail. Other metals will leave a black trail.
999” or “1.000” would be pure gold and thus the same as 24 karat. Nonetheless, if an item of jewelry does not have this stamp – it is not necessarily proof positive that the item is made from fake gold. This is particularly true of older items of jewelry. Another method how to tell real gold is with a nitric acid test.