Sharks are an incredibly important part of our ecosystem. If shark populations were disappear today, there would be disastrous consequences for the oceans, our environment, and human life. It is essential that we work to protect these crucial apex predators, so that we can keep the planet in balance.
“It would be a gigantic failure for humanity that would affect everything from coral reefs to food security and climate change. Once sharks are gone, there is nothing we can do to replace the critical role they play in the balance of the oceans."
If you're not a big fan of sharks, this might seem like a good thing, but the absence of sharks would be devastating to ocean life. Sharks are an essential, keystone species that help balance other animals in the ocean's food web, and without them, many, many other species would die.
Sharks keep the food web in check.
These sharks keep populations of their prey in check, weeding out the weak and sick animals to keep the overall population healthy. Their disappearance can set off a chain reaction throughout the ocean — and even impact people on shore.
If a shark sees a human splashing in the water, it may try to investigate, leading to an accidental attack. Still, sharks have more to fear from humans than we do of them. Humans hunt sharks for their meat, internal organs, skin, and fins in order to make products such as shark fin soup, lubricants, and leather.
Yes, sharks can detect blood in water in minute quantities. However, some studies have shown that they are only really attracted to blood / body oils from fish and marine mammals - their natural prey. Experiments have shown that sharks respond most strongly to odours produced by injured or distressed prey.
Fossil records suggest that at one point in history, there were more than 3,000 types of sharks and their relatives. Sharks managed to survive during extinction events when the ocean lost its oxygen – including the die off during the Cretaceous period, when many other large species were wiped out.
Sharks keep ocean ecosystems in balance
Sharks limit the abundance of their prey, which then affects the prey of those animals, and so on throughout the food web. Because sharks directly or indirectly affect all levels of the food web, they help to maintain structure in healthy ocean ecosystems.
More than one-third of the world's shark and ray species are now facing the threat of extinction, the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) declared last year in the latest update to its Red List of Threatened Species.
A police officer told today how a shark guided him to a rescue boat after he had drifted helplessly in the Pacific Ocean for 15 weeks. Mr Toakai Teitoi's brother-in-law had perished from dehydration and the 41-year-old policeman knew it was only a matter of time before he, too, succumbed to the elements.
"If the sharks disappear, the little fish explode in population, because nothing's eating them," Daly-Engel told Live Science. "Pretty soon, their food — plankton, microorganisms, little shrimps — all of that is gone, so all the little fish ultimately starve."
So, it's established that there are sharks in every ocean, but what about seas? Most seas are connected to the oceans and are thus riddled with sharks. The spiny dogfish, for example, is the most common shark in the seas and oceans, occupying coastal waters all over the world except the Antarctic.
Sharks have survived many mass extinction during their presence of 450 million years on Earth. Scientists believe that their ability to repair damaged DNA has helped them survive over the years. Their presence on the planet over millions of years have earned them the title of living fossil.
Sharks Have Survived Four Mass Extinctions, But Now, They're Endangered. They're older than the dinosaurs, they've survived four mass extinctions, and yet today, in the wake of climate change, pollution, and commercial fishing, sharks are endangered.
Just like we check under our beds for monsters, sharks check for dolphins before nodding off. That's right, the toughest kids on the undersea block swim in fear of dolphins.
Fish also have been observed by scientists to learn, have memory and adapt their behavior to new circumstances, arguing for their sentience. Fish are not senseless beasts, and fish feel pain, including sharks.
It has, however, been proven many times that fish and sharks do feel pain in very much the same way as land animals.
The dolphins will slam their snouts into the soft stomach of the shark which leads to serious internal trauma. They also use their snouts to hit the gills of the shark. A well placed hit can cause enough damage to kill a shark. Often, the shark is frightened by the first blow and will swim away.
“It's a great mystery,” Elizabeth Sibert, a paleobiologist and oceanographer at Yale University, told Science News. “Sharks have been around for 400 million years. They've been through hell and back. And yet this event wiped out (up to) 90% of them.”
Birds: Birds are the only dinosaurs to survive the mass extinction event 65 million years ago.
In fact, sharks and their relatives were the first vertebrate predators on Earth. Shark fossils date back more than 400 million years – that means sharks managed to outlive the dinosaurs, survive mass extinctions, and continue to serve an important role near the top of underwater food chains.
From timber wolves to tiger sharks, most vertebrate animals have crimson blood in their veins. This hue is produced by hemoglobin, the protein that helps our blood distribute oxygen.
Any bodily fluid released into the water is likely detectable by sharks. A shark's sense of smell is powerful – it allows them to find prey from hundreds of yards away. Menstrual blood in the water could be detected by a shark, just like any urine or other bodily fluids.
While each survivor describes the experience differently, a common description from shark attack survivors is the attack feels similar to being punched or bumped. Some survivors have even recounted no pain at all!
Because sharks have been around and at the top of their game for so long, they have evolved so their DNA can repair itself and is more tolerant to damage. "Genome instability is a very important issue in many serious human diseases," says study co-leader Dr Mahmood Shivji.