You will likely have a head CT scan or brain MRI. A stroke may show changes on these tests, but TIAs will not.
An MRI scan is most often used. This type of scan uses a strong magnetic field and radio waves to create an image of your brain.
Most patients in the US and Canada receive a computed tomography (CT) scan in the 24 hours following a TIA or a non-disabling stroke – a stroke that has not caused long-term disability. A CT scan provides cross-sectional images of the brain, allowing a more in-depth analysis of blood circulation and tissue damage.
MRI is superior to CT in detecting the small ischemic lesions occurring after TIA and minor stroke. Since these lesions are clinically relevant, MRI should be the preferred imaging modality in this setting.
Since the immediate signs and symptoms of TIA and stroke are identical, it's important to seek medical attention. Your doctor may order various diagnostic tests, such as a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan or a computerized tomography (CT) scan, to help determine what caused the TIA .
Diagnosis and Tests
The doctor will do some simple quick checks to test your vision, muscle strength, and ability to think and speak. Diagnostic testing consists of either a computed tomogram (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan of the brain and carotid arteries to determine the possible cause of the TIA.
Neurologists were more likely to diagnose transient ischemic attack based on clinical features including negative symptoms or speech deficits.
Blood biomarkers are promising to aid in the diagnosis, risk stratification, and individual treatment of minor stroke and TIA.
If you've had an ischemic stroke, it's likely that it won't show up on a CT scan of your brain for 24 to 48 hours.
Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the preferred and most sensitive modality after transient ischemic attack (TIA) or minor stroke. It should include diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and should be completed within 24 hours of symptom onset1,2; its use is 3-fold.
Always treat a TIA as seriously as you would a stroke. "Even though the symptoms resolve, there might be damage to the brain, so you need to see a neurologist," Dr. Rost advises.
Dipyridamole and aspirin — Dipyridamole is a medication that may be given after a TIA to reduce the risk of stroke. It is often given as an extended-release form, combined with aspirin (aspirin-extended-release dipyridamole, brand name: Aggrenox). It is taken two times per day.
CT and MRI are the recommended modality to diagnose TIA and image ischemic lesions. In addition, Transcranial Doppler sonography (TCD) and Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) are two acceptable alternatives for diagnosing TIA patients.
Symptoms of a TIA come on suddenly. You may feel perfectly fine one minute and then suddenly develop difficulty speaking or moving one side of your body. Sometimes the symptoms will come and go several times in a short period of time.
Introduction. The diagnosis of transient ischemic attack (TIA) can be notoriously difficult, mainly because it is often solely based on history taking. Patients suspected of a TIA require an urgent assessment with timely start of antithrombotic therapy to reduce the risk of an early ischemic stroke.
Call 9-1-1 immediately if any of these signs of stroke appear: Numbness or weakness in the face, arm, or leg; Confusion or trouble speaking or understanding speech; Trouble seeing in one or both eyes; Trouble walking, dizziness, or problems with balance; severe headache with no known cause.
Although a TIA should not have a long-term impact on your daily activities, you must stop driving immediately. If your doctor is happy that you have made a good recovery and there are no lasting effects after 1 month, you can start driving again.
A person who experiences a TIA may have a 10-20 percent risk of having a full stroke in the next seven days depending on the cause, Streib said. The American Stroke Association confirms that 9 to 17 percent of people who have had a TIA have a stroke within 90 days.
The American Heart Association guideline on TIA states that “it is reasonable to hospitalize patients with TIA if they present within 72 hours” if the predicted risk of stroke is high or an outpatient work-up cannot be completed within 2 days; however, this statement has a “C” level of evidence.
Some people might have more than one TIA and it is possible to have several TIAs in a short space of time (for example, several TIAs within a day).
You do not need to be admitted to hospital because of a TIA, but this is often done because of the absence of an alternative. Many TIA clinics now offer a “one-stop” service for which the patient is assessed, investigated (or investigated before the appointment), and given results at the same session.
The answer is C) 6 hours – as a rule of thumb, this is usually the earliest time frame in which you might see evidence of an ischemic stroke on CT. For most patients, presenting with the 4.5 hour tPA time window, we expect to see a normal head CT.
The blockage in the blood vessels responsible for most TIAs is usually caused by a blood clot that's formed elsewhere in your body and travelled to the blood vessels supplying the brain. It can also be caused by pieces of fatty material or air bubbles.