Our findings suggest that congenital muscular torticollis may be a significant risk factor for later neurodevelopmental disorders, particularly developmental coordination disorder and ADHD.
Certain syndromes are linked to an increased risk of torticollis such as Down syndrome, Morquio syndrome, Larsen syndrome, Marfan syndrome, and cervical spine arthritis, Eye impairment is another factor.
Torticollis can impact an infant's development of vision, sensory processing, feeding, and fine and gross motor skills. Examples may include: decreased head control.
Delays in crawling and/or walking. Weak core strength may impact their ability to sit upright on the floor or in a chair. It may also affect their balance and may lead to more developmental delays in their gross and fine motor skills.
Two subtypes: congenital and acquired.
Left untreated, torticollis can result in asymmetrical strength, decreased bimanual skills, feeding challenges, visual impairments, sensory processing impairments, postural impairments and developmental delays.
If your baby has torticollis, they may develop a deformity on their face due to the lack of muscle movement. Another complication that may occur is flat head syndrome (plagiocephaly). Your baby's skull is soft and moldable.
All 3 types of torticollis can lead to secondary changes in shape, such as deformational plagiocephaly (DP), facial scoliosis, and infantile scoliosis, and functional problems, including unilateral breastfeeding problems and asymmetrical use of the hands.
In retrospect, feeding difficulties are common in children subsequently diagnosed with autism and may persist for a long time (23). Hypotonia may start prenatally, and the abnormal postures can lead to a neck deformity called torticollis, that develops in some children who hold their head to one side (20, 24).
Cervical dystonia, also known as spasmodic torticollis, is a rare neurological disorder that originates in the brain.
Congenital torticollis is a birth defect in which the head becomes tilted at or soon after birth. Birth defects, also called congenital anomalies, are physical abnormalities that occur before a baby is born.
With all of these postural abnormalities, the child will have asymmetrical movement patterns which could lead to further delays including; poor head control, limited visual tracking, decreased reaching on affected side, rolling to only one side, difficulty sitting, prefers to side sit to one side, inability to crawl or ...
Torticollis, also known as "wry neck" or "twisted neck," is a disability or condition you are probably familiar with. Anyone can experience it temporarily, such as when a bad night's sleep puts a strain on your neck. In these cases, it usually disappears very quickly.
Most babies with torticollis get better through position changes and stretching exercises. It might take up to 6 months to go away completely, and in some cases can take a year or longer.
The cause is likely from the fetus's position in the uterus resulting in injury to the neck muscles. Acquired torticollis may be caused by irritation to the cervical ligaments from a viral infection, injury, or vigorous movement. Additional causes may include: Sleeping in an awkward position.
There are a few common reasons why the SCM muscle may have become contracted and cause your child's head to tilt to one side: the way your baby was positioned in the womb before birth. abnormal development of the SCM muscle. trauma or damage to the muscle during birth.
Torticollis may occur without known cause (idiopathic), be genetic (inherited), or be acquired secondary to damage to the nervous system or muscles.
Spasmodic torticollis (dystonia): this is the most common cause of neck rigidity. This type results from increased muscle tone. The most common triggering factors include emotional stress, physical overload, or sudden movement.
Torticollis caused by compression of the 11th cranial nerve, which controls neck movement, usually causes horizontal head movements.
Asperger's Syndrome, a form of Autism Spectrum Disorder, is a developmental disorder. Young people with Asperger's Syndrome have a difficult time relating to others socially and their behavior and thinking patterns can be rigid and repetitive.
Torticollis can also affect speech development. If a baby doesn't have the proper trunk and head control, they might also have trouble getting the air that they need for speech production.
Acquired torticollis
Cervical muscle spasm causing torticollis can result from any injury or inflammation of the cervical muscles or cranial nerves from different disease processes. Acute torticollis can be the result of blunt trauma to head and neck, or from simply sleeping in an awkward position.
Sometimes torticollis is permanent (fixed) because of a problem with muscles or bone structure. In rare cases, fixed torticollis is caused by an abnormal area in the back part of the brain or by a tumor in the spinal cord.
Cerebral palsy is a neurologically-based movement disorder while torticollis is a muscular condition that solely affects the neck.
The three types of torticollis are spasmodic, congenital, and iatrogenic. The most common form of torticollis is spasmodic torticollis which begins in adulthood and has no underlying cause. There may, however, be some genetic susceptibility to spasmodic torticollis, such as a mutation in GNAL or THAP1 genes.