Bread recipes typically call for two rises: The first is the “bulk” rise when the dough rises in the bowl, while the second rise comes after the dough has been shaped, like when a sandwich dough proofs directly in the loaf pan.
You can make good bread with a single or double rise. Single rising is quicker to make but requires more kneading. If you want to make a softer bread, it might be best to rise once. For more flavourful bread, a double rise is preferred.
One of the advantages of fast acting yeast is that you can do just one rise so the dough can be mixed and kneaded, shaped and left to prove - though you can also follow the two rise method if you prefer. It is possible to leave bread dough to rise overnight.
If dough is to have a second proofing, it must be folded using one package fold or two business-letter folds after it's been punched down. To make a package fold, stretch the bottom of the dough and fold it up to the center, then repeat with the left side, right side, and top.
Keep the dough closed for the duration of the proofing time according to your recipe. For example: 1-½ to 2 hours or until the dough has doubled in size for the first rise and 30 minutes for the second rise. Some recipes require two or even three proofs before baking.
Once you shape the loaf, prevent the dough from drying out during the second rise by covering it with a clean, lint-free towel. Grease is not needed because this proofing time is typically just 30 minutes or so.
It's Too Cold
That's because doughs proof best in warmer temps—around 80ºF is just right for yeast. If your kitchen is too cold, the yeast just doesn't have the right atmosphere to help the dough rise.
Does Rising Bread Affect Its Texture? For a fluffy bread texture, the key is to let the bread rise long enough.
'So if it's been over-proved the gluten ends up being over-stretched, and unable to hold up the internal structure of the bread. You might just have a deflated bread with very coarse texture.
Generally, you should do it before rising, although you can knead the dough before and after it rises. Kneading is the process of mixing ingredients and developing strength in the finished product. After the first proof, you can perform this step to remove bubbles and spread gas on the dough.
Yes, you can let your bread rise overnight in the fridge. Keep in mind, though, you'll want the dough to come back up to room temperature before baking.
The second rise is shorter than the primary fermentation after the bread loaf has been shaped and panned; usually taking only about half the time of the first rise at room temperature, or shorter for smaller loaves and rolls.
The proofing time for bread dough varies based on the dough's makeup (amount of preferment, flour choices, and hydration) and the temperature at which it's proofed. The dough should generally be proofed for around 1 to 4 hours at a warm temperature or overnight (or more) at a cold refrigerator temperature.
If your kitchen and/or counter where you knead the dough is cool, the dough will cool down also (even if you used warm water to make it). If your dough is kept at around 80°F, it should take between 1 and 1½ hours to rise double in volume.
Heat can speed up the process of fermentation, which explains why bread continues to rise in the first few minutes of baking in the oven. Once the bread gets too hot, though, the yeast cells will die.
The second proving has given the bread more elasticity, and made it harder to deflate the air. Second rises may add significantly to the total time it takes to complete a loaf of bread, but the step can be essential to achieving the taste and texture inherent to a number of popular breads.
Under proofed loaves often have a considerable amount of height because of this massive expansion in the oven, but the overall shape tends to be uneven, and generally without a good ear where the dough was originally scored.
Make sure that it has a lid, to prevent a tough skin from forming on your dough. Make sure that lid is not airtight, you want the gases from the yeast to escape or you will get a crazy alcohol smell building up in your bucket. If you have airtight seals on your bucket, just leave them ajar and it will be just fine!
If it's cold or dry the dough won't rise as well as it should. So covering the dough while it rises keeps the moisture IN and the drying air out. And any residual heat from the warm water or milk will be held in as well. Making for that warm rainforest-like environment you want.
If the dough is not knocked back the fermentation rate slows down as time goes by. Of course, there are only so many times that you can knock it back and expect it to rise again. But in most cases, we don't have to worry about it as there is no good reason to degas the dough multiple times during bulk fermentation.