However, dystrophin is also expressed in neurons within specific brain regions, including the hippocampus, a structure associated with learning and memory formation. Linked to this, a subset of boys with
CMDs are a group of disorders that involve more than only muscles; other body structures including the brain, eyes, and heart may be affected.
The literature suggests patients with OPMD can present with a broad psychopathological spectrum including cognitive decline and dementia.
Duchenne can (but does not always) affect brain development and cause weakness in certain cognitive or problem-solving skills. Medication side effects, fatigue, physical limitations, family stress, and difficulty coping with the diagnosis of Duchenne can also lead to psychosocial problems.
Muscular dystrophy is a progressive disease of muscle weakness, muscle atrophy and cardiac dysfunction. Patients afflicted with muscular dystrophy exhibit autonomic dysfunction along with cognitive impairment, severe depression, sadness, and anxiety.
DM can cause mental fatigue, daytime sleepiness, forgetfulness, confusion or “brain fog”, all related to altered brain activity. However, there is some good news – the number of nerve cells in the brains of people with DM is nearly normal.
Background Myotonic dystrophy (DM) is a multisystemic disease. The central nervous system is affected by cognitive, affective, and personality disturbances.
Background. Children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy report a higher rate of cognitive and psychiatric disorders relative to general population. This study will describe and compare the psychiatric and cognitive problems in DMD patients with healthy controls.
The average lifespan for Duchenne muscular dystrophy is 18 to 25 years. With early treatment, it can reach 30 years.
The muscular dystrophies (MD) are a group of inherited genetic conditions that gradually cause the muscles to weaken, leading to an increasing level of disability. MD is a progressive condition, which means it gets worse over time.
Furthermore, Hinton et al. [17] indicated that boys with DMD did poorly on Story Recall, Digit Span, and Auditory Comprehension compared to unaffected siblings. They concluded that verbal working memory was impaired selectively.
Others, including those diagnosed with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), typically have lived into their teens and 20s. Related heart disease is the leading cause of death for people living with MD. 1 There are no treatments to stop the progression of muscular dystrophy.
Conclusions: MRI abnormalities are common in patients with FKRP-associated muscular dystrophy presenting at birth or in early childhood. Progressive brain atrophy is the most frequent finding. Posterior fossa malformations and transient white matter changes may be seen in patients with associated mental retardation.
The progression of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy can vary between patients. For some, the disease progresses quickly, leading to disability and affecting life expectancy. For others, disease progression is slow and may not affect life expectancy.
In muscular dystrophy, your muscles gradually weaken. This can cause: delays in learning to walk in early childhood and/or loss of walking ability at age 7 to 12 years. wasted muscles, clumsiness, frequent falls and finding it hard to get up.
General Muscular Dystrophy Symptoms
Difficulty walking. Frequent falling. Difficulty getting up from a lying or sitting position. Limited movement at certain joints (called contracture)
Muscles around the eyes and mouth are often affected first, followed by weakness around the shoulders, chest, and upper arms. A particular pattern of muscle wasting causes the shoulders to appear to be slanted and the shoulder blades to appear winged. Muscles in the lower extremities may also become weakened.
Muscular dystrophy (MD) refers to a group of inherited genetic muscle conditions. MD causes progressive muscle weakness and muscle wasting because of the degeneration (deterioration) of muscle cells. This means it gets worse over time.
Depending on the type, muscular dystrophy can affect your ability to move, walk and perform daily activities. It can also affect muscles that help your heart and lungs function. Some forms of muscular dystrophy are present at birth or develop during childhood. Other forms develop during adulthood.
Muscular dystrophies are neuromuscular diseases that are usually—but not always—inherited. They cause progressive muscle weakness and degeneration. Muscular dystrophies are caused by abnormal genes that interfere with the production of proteins needed to form healthy muscle.
Speech-Language Pathologist This expert is consulted if a person with muscular dystrophy develops dysphagia, which is difficulty or discomfort in swallowing, which can lead to dehydration, malnutrition, and weight loss, as well as pneumonia, if food or liquids are inhaled into the lungs.
Both the Duchenne and Becker forms of muscular dystrophy are associated with a heart condition called cardiomyopathy. This form of heart disease weakens the cardiac muscle, preventing the heart from pumping blood efficiently.
Cognitive deficits (language problems, mental retardation, ADHD, etc.) causing social difficulties. Psychosocial factors such as anxiety or depression. The physical limitations and fatigue caused by Duchenne making it difficult for the child to keep up with others during play activities, sports, or games.
Oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (OPMD) affects the muscles in the eyes (ocular) and the throat (pharyngeal). Someone with OPMD will usually start to experience symptoms in their 40's or 50's.