There's no test to positively diagnose psychosis. However, your GP will ask about your symptoms and possible causes. For example, they may ask you: whether you're taking any medicines.
Symptoms of psychosis include delusions (false beliefs) and hallucinations (seeing or hearing things that others do not see or hear). Other symptoms include incoherent or nonsense speech and behavior that is inappropriate for the situation.
First episode psychosis (FEP) is defined as the first time a person outwardly shows symptoms of psychosis. When patients with FEP become aware of their problems, they show distress and confusion, ruminate their symptoms, and have interpersonal problems caused by enhanced sensitivity (1).
The core criteria continue to require the presence of two or more psychotic and related symptoms (delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech reflecting formal thought disorder, abnormal psychomotor behavior such as grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior, negative symptoms)—at least one of which must be ...
Unlike taking someone's temperature, recognizing whether psychosis is present can be difficult – especially when it is in its early stages. These early stages can be associated with a wide variety of nonspecific changes such as mood swings, taking up of new philosophies or “odd” behaviours or beliefs.
Diagnosing psychosis
Your GP will look at your symptoms and rule out short-term causes, such as drug misuse. They may ask you some questions to help determine what's causing your psychosis. For example, they may ask you: whether you're taking any medication.
Psychosis can be very serious, regardless of what is causing the symptoms. The best outcomes result from immediate treatment, and when not treated psychosis can lead to illness, injuries, legal and financial difficulties, and even death.
Anxiety is Not Psychosis. The truth is that while anxiety can cause a lot of different changes and behaviors, psychotic behavior is not one of them. Psychosis is characterized by a dangerous loss of reality.
Hypochondria is itself a form of mild psychosis. The hypochondriac has a deep and ungrounded worry about having or developing a serious mental illness. Paranoia and suspiciousness are classical traits of psychosis but they can be subtle.
Prodrome
The prodromal phase is the period during which the individual is experiencing changes in feelings, thought, perceptions and behaviour although they have not yet started experiencing clear psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions or thought disorder.
Trauma. Events such as a death, sexual assault, or war can trigger an episode. But other life events such as pregnancy and childbirth, accidents, loss of a job, or trouble with the law can also put you at risk for one. Substance use.
You should see a GP immediately if you're experiencing symptoms of psychosis. It's important psychosis is treated as soon as possible, as early treatment can be more effective. The GP may ask you some questions to help determine what's causing your psychosis.
Do not directly confront them. If you want to be heard you may have to find a different way to communicate. Being heard isn't always possible when someone is in the midst of a psychotic episode. Don't tell them they are psychotic.
Typically, a psychotic break indicates the first onset of psychotic symptoms for a person or the sudden onset of psychotic symptoms after a period of remission. Symptoms may include delusional thoughts and beliefs, auditory and visual hallucinations, and paranoia.
Psychosis can come on suddenly or can develop very gradually. The symptoms of psychosis are often categorized as either “positive” or “negative.”
Your experience of psychosis will usually develop gradually over a period of 2 weeks or less. You are likely to fully recover within a few months, weeks or days.
Evidence suggests that early treatment—and a shorter DUP—promotes better symptom improvement and overall functioning in everyday life. There is yet inadequate proof to say conclusively that psychosis causes permanent brain damage.
More than 10 studies conducted on several continents have described typical durations of untreated psychosis that average 1–2 years (3). This disturbing finding raises several questions. What are the consequences of a diagnostic delay regarding psychosis?
First episode of psychosis
It typically involves hallucinations and delusions, which can seem very real to the person experiencing them. Experts say the average age at which people first experience psychosis is 24 years old. The oldest age of onset was 63 years and the youngest age was 3 years.
The average age of psychosis onset is 10 ± 2 years, and clinically, this cohort resembles chronic, severe, and treatment refractory adult schizophrenia cases and is neurobiologically continuous with the adult illness.
Before an episode of psychosis begins, you will likely experience early warning signs. Warning signs can include depression, anxiety, feeling "different" or feeling like your thoughts have sped up or slowed down. These signs can be vague and hard to understand, especially in the first episode of psychosis.