Once every week, pour about five litres of fresh water into the Top Working Tray, which will flood down through the lower trays, ensuring the entire worm farm remains very moist. The sudden 'flood' will not harm the worms.
Too little moisture will kill earthworms but they also need to be breathe, so too much moisture will cause them to drown. You may have seen worms on the surface of your soil or lawn during extremely wet periods when the soil gets is constantly waterlogged.
As discussed in our Worms breathe through their skin blog – keeping your worms moist is key to ensuring they can effectively dissolve oxygen into their bloodstream through their skin. Your worm farm environment should maintain a moisture content range of around 60-85%.
The bedding should have the consistency of a wrung-out sponge. If water leaks out between your fingers, it is too moist. If it feels flaky or crumbly, the worm bin is too dry.
City drinking water from your tap often contains chlorine, which can be harmful to your worms. Buy dechlorinated water, or dechlorinate tap water by boiling or letting it sit out for 24 hours to allow chlorine evaporation.
So in order to keep a compost bin healthy, you need to mix and turn your compost to aerate it and allow oxygen to reach down the deep unreachable places. The aeration not only provides oxygen for the good bacteria, but it also kills off the anaerobic bacteria since they can't survive with oxygen.
It is also important to add a bit of “grit” to the worm farm every now and again. Just a small handful of dirt, sand or soil will do the trick. The grit will help the worms digest their food.
Worm blankets need to be watered whenever you feed the worms. So long as the bedding has the consistency of a wrung-out sponge, you are doing it right.
Worms don't need light, and even though there shouldn't be much moisture coming out the bottom, the holes are there in case it needs to drain. The side wall holes are for better air flow.
Under ideal conditions, worms can eat their weight in scraps per day. So if you have 1 pound of worms, you can theoretically feed them 1 pounds of scraps. However, we recommend you play it safe by feeding an amount they can handle every 2 or 3 days.
Earthworms like moist soil. They can survive in dry soils but they are not active. However if the drought is severe, they will die. In dry conditions, they can burrow deep into the soil to 1 metre, tie themselves in a knot, secrete a coating of mucous about themselves which dries and helps prevent water loss.
Over feeding is one of the most common causes of worm farm problems. We understand that you might be eager to get your worm farm churning through as much of your waste as possible, but too much waste can cause the environment to become too acidic, damp and anaerobic – all things worms don't enjoy!
They can cover a lot more ground on the surface. The problem is, earthworms need to stay moist. Most of the time, they would dehydrate if they were above ground. But when it rains, the surface is moist enough for worms to survive and remain hydrated.
Almost all worms can regrow their tails if they are amputated, and many earthworms can lose several segments from their head end and they will grow back, the Washington Post reports. For some worms, however, the more segments that are cut off, the less likely they are to be fully regenerated.
Because worms have no teeth, they need some type of grit in their bedding that they can swallow and use in their gizzard to grind food, much like birds do with small stones. A little soil or sand will work, but it should be sterile so that no foreign organisms are introduced.
There should always be a higher carbon to nitrogen ratio (C:N) contained in the worm bin. For worm composting, conditions are generally ideal with a carbon-to-nitrogen (C:N) ratio of between 20:1 and 35:1. Always remember, you can never add too much worm bedding on top.
They tunnel deeper into the ground. Earthworms need moisture to survive, so they spend most of their lives underground, in the top three feet of soil. At those depths, they usually have the moisture they need as well as leaves and other dead plant material to eat.
Grass clippings are a great addition to a traditional compost pile and worms will eat these as well in their natural setting, but in your vermicomposting system, they will heat up the soil and can kill all of your worms.
Banana peels are an excellent worm food.
The molds that form on most vegetables are usually OK, but the molds on some fruit and bread can be problematic. If you're in doubt, try a small amount first and see if the worms are bothered by it. If not, then it's probably OK to use it, otherwise, you should put them into your backyard bin instead.
Can I add garden waste to the worm farm? Yes! You can add dry grass clippings and deciduous leaves to your worm farm, as long as you keep food scraps and dry waste balanced. Avoid adding fresh lawn clippings, evergreen or native leaves, and sticks or woody stems.
Ô Always completely bury food under the bedding material. Burying fruit waste will prevent fruit flies from being attracted to the worm bin.
Earthworms are safe and fun to touch, as this Discovery Garden visitor proves.
Want to give your worms a treat? Add ice. Place plain ice on top of the bedding or buried in the center of the bin. You can cool and feed the worms all at once by freezing scraps and water together.