Death. Severe diabetic foot problems can be life threatening, especially when an infection spreads. Having foot problems severe enough to require amputation is a major risk factor for death, even when a doctor amputates the foot to prevent the infection from spreading.
On average, a person who develops DFU has a 3–5 year lower survival rate than a counterpart with diabetes, and this effect is in addition to that associated with diabetes itself, for which the reduction in life expectancy is about 6 years [8,9].
Tingling, burning, or pain in your feet. Loss of sense of touch or ability to feel heat or cold very well. A change in the shape of your feet over time. Loss of hair on your toes, feet, and lower legs.
Foot Care for People with Diabetes
See your healthcare provider or go to your closest emergency department immediately if: Your foot becomes cold, painful, pale, blueish or red, and feels warm to touch. Your foot becomes red, hot, and swollen with or without pain.
If not treated promptly and appropriately, diabetic foot infections can become incurable or even lead to septic gangrene, which may require foot amputation. Diagnosing infection in a diabetic foot ulcer is based on clinical signs and symptoms of inflammation.
Avoid soaking your feet, as this can lead to dry skin. Dry your feet gently, especially between the toes. Moisturize your feet and ankles with lotion or petroleum jelly. Do not put oils or creams between your toes — the extra moisture can lead to infection.
The problem? Many people with diabetes have peripheral artery disease (PAD), which reduces blood flow to the feet. Also, many people with diabetes have neuropathy, causing you to not feel your feet. Together, these problems make it easy to get ulcers and infections that may lead to amputation.
The symptoms of diabetic foot infections are similar to those of any infection. The area around the injury will become red, eventually spreading from the original site. People with diabetic foot infections will also experience pain or tenderness at the site of the wound, and the original cut may seep pus.
If you spot any of the following changes, you need to see your GP: tingling sensation or pins and needles (like numbness) pain (burning)
There is currently no way to reverse diabetic neuropathy, although scientists are working on future treatments. For now, the best approach is to manage blood sugar levels through medication and lifestyle changes. Keeping glucose within target levels can reduce the risk of developing neuropathy and its complications.
Diabetic foot or leg amputation is a primary complication of diabetes. Across the globe, it's estimated that a limb is amputated every 30 seconds, and 85% of these amputations are due to a diabetic foot ulcer.
Indeed, myocardial infarction is the leading cause of death among individuals with diabetes mellitus.
The estimated Kaplan–Meier-based survival rates were 86.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 82.6%-91.5%) at 1 year, 66.9% (95% CI 59.3%-75.6%) at 3 years, 50.9% (95% CI 42.0%-61.7%) at 5 years and 23.1% (95% CI 15.2%-34.9%) at 10 years.
Hypoglycemia, also called “low blood glucose” or “low blood sugar,” is one of the most frequent complications of diabetes and can happen very suddenly. Hypoglycemia is a blood glucose level less than 70 mg/dl. This is the greatest immediate danger to students with diabetes; sometimes it cannot be prevented.
Go to the ER or call 911 right away if you have symptoms of ketoacidosis like: nausea and vomiting. abdominal pain. deep, rapid breathing.
The “three-hour rule” for rapid-acting insulin (aka "Insulin Stacking") Rapid-acting insulin begins to work about 15 minutes after injection, peaks in about 1 hour, and continues to work for 2 to 4 hours. The three-hour rule prevents “insulin stacking” and a low blood glucose (BG) or hypoglycemia.
Nerve damage or diabetic peripheral neuropathy is one of the long-term complication of diabetes. If left untreated, the damage caused by neuropathy can potentially lead to infection and limb amputation.
Diabetic dermopathy
The spots look like red or brown round patches or lines in the skin and are common in people with diabetes. They appear on the front of your legs (your shins) and are often confused with age spots. The spots don't hurt, itch, or open up.
Wear socks or stockings with shoes. Wear socks without seams. Avoid tight-fitting socks and garters. Wear socks in bed if your feet are cold at night.
Typically, epsom salt soaks are not recommended for people with diabetes. The primary reason is that such soaks can dry out the feet. When the skin is dry it is more vulnerable to cracking and chafing, which can lead to skin lesions and wounds, which if not properly attended to can lead to ulcerations.
Government sources recommend cotton and wool socks for diabetic patients to help keep feet dry. 4,5 They also reinforce the need to wear socks at all times. Many do not make specific fabric recommendations, but they do suggest that people avoid tight socks.