The likely outcome or course of a disease is called prognosis. Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer can often be cured. For muscle-invasive bladder cancer, prognosis also depends on whether
Bladder cancer can be benign or malignant. Malignant bladder cancer may be life threatening, as it can spread quickly. Without treatment, it can damage tissues and organs.
The 5-year relative survival rate for bladder cancer in the United States is 77%. The survival rates for bladder cancer vary based on several factors.
around 75 out of every 100 (around 75%) survive their cancer for 1 year or more after diagnosis. almost 55 out of every 100 (almost 55%) survive their cancer for 5 years or more after they are diagnosed. around 45 out of every 100 (around 45%) survive their cancer for 10 years or more after diagnosis.
An abnormal growth that develops in the bladder is known as a bladder tumor. Some bladder tumors are benign (noncancerous), while others are malignant (cancerous). Malignant bladder tumors – also known as bladder cancer – can spread (metastasize) into other parts of the body.
“While there are several types of benign masses that can grow in the bladder, these are uncommon and account for fewer than 1% of bladder masses," says Khurshid Guru, MD, Chair of Roswell Park's Department of Urology.
It's not always cancer
A growth on the bladder is not always bladder cancer. For example, a tumor that is benign (not cancerous) can grow bigger, but will not spread to other parts of the body.
Left untreated, bladder cancer may grow through your bladder walls to nearby lymph nodes and then other areas of your body, including your bones, lungs or liver.
low grade – the cancer cells are usually slow-growing. Most bladder tumours are low grade. high grade – the cancer cells look very abnormal and grow quickly. They are more likely to spread.
Even after tumor removal with transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT), up to 50 percent of people will have a recurrence of their cancer within 12 months. Because of this high recurrence rate, adjuvant (additional) therapy is usually recommended.
Risk of bladder cancer
Overall, the chance men will develop this cancer during their lifetime is about 1 in 28. For women, the chance is about 1 in 91. But each person's chances of getting bladder cancer can be affected by certain risk factors.
Right after TURBT you might have some bleeding and pain when you urinate. You can usually go home the same day or the next day and can return to your usual activities within a week or two. Even if the TURBT removes the tumor completely, bladder cancer often comes back (recurs) in other parts of the bladder.
N0 (N zero): The cancer has not spread to the regional lymph nodes. N1: The cancer is 2 centimeters (cm) or smaller in a single lymph node. N2: The cancer is larger than 2 cm in a single lymph node, or it has spread to more than 1 lymph node.
The treatment options depend on the grade and stage of your tumor. If you have a high-grade, non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer, we generally treat that with a transurethral resection of the bladder tumor, followed by intravesicle therapy, either with chemotherapy or immunotherapy, like BCG.
Low-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer is treated with transurethral resection of a bladder tumour (TURBT). This procedure may be performed during your first cystoscopy, when tissue samples are taken for testing (see diagnosing bladder cancer). TURBT is carried out under general anaesthetic.
Bladder carcinoma (BC) is the most common neoplasm of the urinary system. Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is the most common histologic type of BC (approximately 90%). The definition of UC is the invasion of the basement membrane or lamina propria or deeper by neoplastic cells of urothelial origin.
Bladder cancer is predominantly a disease of older adults, with 90% of diagnoses made in those over 55, and 80% of diagnoses in those over 65 in the US.
Most bladder cancers start in the innermost lining of the bladder, which is called the urothelium or transitional epithelium. As the cancer grows into or through the deeper layers in the bladder wall, it has a higher stage, becomes more advanced, and can be harder to treat.
Recurrence rates for bladder cancer can be quite high compared to other types of cancer. Generally, over half of all people who develop bladder cancer may experience recurrence of their cancer following treatment.
When bladder cancer spreads, it first invades the bladder wall, which is made up of four distinct layers. It can take some time for cancer to penetrate all of these layers, but once it has, it can then spread into the surrounding fatty tissues and lymph nodes.
Can bladder cancer go undetected for years? If symptoms such as blood in the urine and changes in urinary habits are ignored by an individual and/or repeatedly misdiagnosed, it's possible that bladder cancer may not be detected for months or, in some cases, even years.
If you develop a fever over 101°, or have chills, call your surgeon. Although not common, this may indicate infection that has developed beyond the control of the antibiotics that you have taken. It will take 6 weeks from the date of surgery to fully recover from your operation.
They tend to grow and spread slowly. High-grade bladder cancers look less like normal bladder cells. These cancers are more likely to grow and spread.