Vitiligo is a common skin disease characterized by the presence of hypopigmented lesions resulting from a reduction in the number and function of melanocytes. [1] Vitiligo has been described both in hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism.
Hyperthyroidism can lead to skin issues, including the development of a rash. They often appear on the creases of the skin. A person may also notice raised lumps on the skin or the development of spots that come and go.
Vitiligo patients with the NSV form of the disease are more likely to have another autoimmune disorder, with Hashimoto's being the most common. And Hashimoto's is the number one cause of hypothyroidism (low thyroid hormone levels).
In hypothyroidism, the skin tends to be pale both because of the dermal mucopolysaccharides and dermal water content. In addition, increased dermal carotene may appear as a prominent yellow hue on the palms, soles and nasolabial folds.
Generalized myxedema or cutaneous mucinosis, due to the accumulation of hyaluronic acid and glycosaminoglycans in the skin. This causes the characteristic hypothyroid facies: thick skin, periorbital edema, and mucosal thickening with dysphonia.
Many people with vitiligo also have thyroid disease, and autoimmunity can play a role in both conditions. However, researchers are still trying to understand the relationship.
Individuals with acquired hypothyroidism often have cold, mottled, dry skin. It has been found that in over 80% of individuals with primary hypothyroidism, the epidermis is thin, rough, and hyperkeratotic giving a scaly appearance.
Low thyroid levels often lead to droopy eyelids or having a puffy and swollen face. Furthermore, little to no eyebrows can also signal hypothyroidism, as hair loss is also associated with the condition.
Hyperthyroidism mainly leads to dermal symptoms like localized myxoedema, eczematous dermatitis, alopecia, and telangiectasis. There had been a hypothesis that thyrotoxicosis could also lead to hyperpigmentation through an increased capillary fragility, contributing to hemosiderin deposition and basal melanosis.
How to Look Your Best With Hypothyroidism: Coping With Dry Skin, Thinning Hair and Eyebrows, Puffy Eyes, and Weight Gain. Physical changes are part of hypothyroidism, but there are strategies that can help you feel happier about your appearance.
About 15 to 25 percent of people with vitiligo are also affected by at least one other autoimmune disorder, particularly autoimmune thyroid disease, rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes, psoriasis , pernicious anemia, Addison disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, celiac disease, Crohn's disease, or ulcerative colitis ...
Vitiligo is epidemiologically associated with increased risk of autoimmune thyroid disease, type 1 diabetes, pernicious anemia, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and Addison's disease8,15.
Graves disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism. It is due to an abnormal immune system response that causes the thyroid gland to produce too much thyroid hormone. Graves disease is most common in women over age 20. But the disorder can occur at any age and can affect men as well.
Signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism can show up in the hands and nails. Hypothyroidism can cause dermatologic findings such as nail infection, vertical white ridges on the nails, nail splitting, brittle nails, slow nail growth, and nails lifting up.
Hyperthyroidism occurs when the thyroid gland produces excessive amounts of thyroid hormones. It can cause facial flushing, swelling, skin thinning, and bulging eyes.
Symptoms of overt hyperthyroidism include heat intolerance, palpitations, anxiety, fatigue, weight loss, muscle weakness, and, in women, irregular menses. Clinical findings may include tremor, tachycardia, lid lag, and warm moist skin [1].
The most common symptoms of hypothyroidism in adults are fatigue, lethargy, cold intolerance, weight gain, constipation, change in voice, and dry skin, but the clinical presentation can include a wide variety of symptoms that differ with age, sex, and time between onset and diagnosis (table 1).
Hypothyroidism usually isn't linked to eye disease. In severe cases, however, hypothyroidism may cause swelling around the eyes. It also may cause a loss of hair in the outer part of the eyebrows.
In hypothyroidism, the time it takes for the skin cells to turn over increases. Because of this, your old cells stay on your skin longer. This will cause your skin to start feeling dry, rough, and scaly. You may start to notice wrinkles appearing or your skin starting to sag.
Acne may be caused by immunological factors, food sensitivities, or nutrient deficiencies. Dermato-Endocrinology published a study that reports thyroid autoimmunity (such as Hashimoto's) detected in several inflammatory skin conditions, including acne and chronic hives.