In management, there are varying levels of control: strategic (highest level), operational (mid-level), and tactical (low level).
Organizational control typically involves four steps: (1) establish standards, (2) measure performance, (3) compare performance to standards, and then (4) take corrective action as needed.
The hierarchy of controls is a way of determining which actions will best control exposures. The hierarchy of controls has five levels of actions to reduce or remove hazards.
The hierarchy of control is a system for controlling risks in the workplace. The hierarchy of control is a step-by-step approach to eliminating or reducing risks and it ranks risk controls from the highest level of protection and reliability through to the lowest and least reliable protection.
The basic control process, wherever it is found and whatever it is found and whatever it controls, involves three steps: (1) establishing standards. (2) measuring performance against these standards. and (3) correcting deviations from standards and plans.
General controls include software controls, physical hardware controls, computer oper- ations controls, data security controls, controls over the systems implementation process, and administrative controls.
Determining whether a particular internal control system is effective is a judgement resulting from an assessment of whether the five components - Control Environment, Risk Assessment, Control Activities, Information and Communication, and Monitoring - are present and functioning.
Three major design criteria for control systems are stability, transient response and steady state error.
Recognizing that organizational controls can be categorized in many ways, it is helpful at this point to distinguish between two sets of controls: (1) strategic controls and (2) management controls, sometimes called operating controls (Harrison & St. John, 2002).
The control function can be viewed as a five-step process: (1) establish standards, (2) measure performance, (3) compare actual performance with standards and identify any deviations, (4) determine the reason for deviations, and (5) take corrective action if needed.
Strategic Control – 4 Major Types: Premise, Implementation, Strategic Surveillance and Special Alert Control.
What are the seven major classes of access control? The directive, deterrent, preventative, detective, corrective, compensating, and recovery.
The six principles of control activities are: 1) Establishment of responsibility, 2) Segregation of duties, 3) Documentation procedures, 4) Physical controls, 5) Independent internal verification, 6) Human resource controls.
The most important control activities involve segregation of duties, proper authorization of transactions and activities, adequate documents and records, physical control over assets and records, and independent checks on performance.
Examples of control systems in your day-to-day life include an air conditioner, a refrigerator, an air conditioner, a bathroom toilet tank, an automatic iron, and many processes within a car – such as cruise control.
Common examples include mechanical guards, interlocking systems and safeguarding devices such as fences, safety mats and two-hand controls. While engineering controls aren't as protective as elimination or substitution, they still control exposure at the source of the hazard, before it comes into contact with workers.
The requirement for the hierarchy of controls is intended to provide a systematic approach to enhance occupational health and safety, eliminate hazards, and reduce or control OH&S risks. It is a widely accepted system and is used by a variety of safety organizations.
The hierarchy of controls that applies to most OHS hazards sets out the order of control measures, running from elimination to substitution, followed by engineering, administration, and finally, personal protective equipment.