Keratin plugs are bumps on your skin. They are usually white, pink or the same color as your skin. They develop when hair follicles (tiny holes in your skin) get clogged with dead skin cells and a protein called keratin. Your body makes this protein naturally.
You should avoid squeezing your sebaceous filaments. Sebaceous filaments are natural, and if you manage to squeeze out sebum, your pores will fill up again within 30 days. Your skin is sensitive, and your nails are much stronger than your skin.
Use Chemical Exfoliants to Break Up Oil Plugs
“Beta-hydroxy acids (BHAs), like salicylic acid, are lipophilic, allowing them to mingle with oil deep within the pore and break up oil plugs.” This combination is a sebaceous filament-killer.
Milia are small, bump-like cysts found under the skin. They are usually 1 to 2 millimeters (mm) in size. They form when skin flakes or keratin, a protein, become trapped under the skin. Milia most often appear on the face, commonly around the eyelids and cheeks, though they can occur anywhere.
Keratin plugs in keratosis pilaris are commonly on the upper arms, although they can also be in acne areas as well. Furthermore, while sebum plugs may have noticeable heads filled with pus or other debris, keratin plugs tend to be hard and rough along the surface.
Keratin plugs usually clear up on their own. They don't require treatment. Never pick at, squeeze or try to “pop” a keratin plug. Doing so can cause irritation and scarring.
What does a sebum plug look like? Sebum plugs usually start out white or yellowish in colour but can turn darker if the pore is open and they are exposed to air. They can occur anywhere on the body, but usually form on the face, scalp, chest and back because that is where we produce the most sebum.
Blackheads, or open comedos, are clogged pores that are filled with dead skin cells and oil, not dirt or grime as myth may suggest. The blackish portion of a blackhead — aka the sesame seed — is due to the oxidation of the dead skin cells and oil when exposed to air.
Milia seeds refer to the small, white bumps on the skin. They frequently appear in the facial skin, such as under-eye, forehead, and lips areas. Many people mistake milia seeds for whiteheads and attempt to squeeze them. You should avoid pressing your milia seeds, as doing so can cause scabbing and scarring.
As lesions age, dilation of follicular openings occurs with a keratinous plug, termed follicular plugging or patulous follicles (see the image below). Resolution of the active lesion results in atrophy and scarring.
Pustules are a type of pimple that contains yellowish pus. They are larger than whiteheads and blackheads. Pustules appear either as red bumps with white centers or as white bumps that are hard and often tender to the touch. In many cases, the skin around the pustules is red or inflamed.
Sebaceous cysts can be found on your entire body (except the palms of your hands and the soles of your feet). When squeezed, the punctum (a small dome-shaped projection) will appear. Through that opening, the fluid (sebum) inside may be squeezed out. Sebaceous cysts are usually harmless.
If you were to squeeze a sebaceous filament, a white or yellow worm-like structure may ooze out. Or, the filament may not produce anything. Always take caution as trying to extract sebaceous filaments can injure the skin and cause permanent scarring. It can also damage and stretch the pore, making it appear bigger.
The main cause of an overproduction of sebum is hormonal imbalances, including as a result of puberty and pregnancy. “As well as hormones, heat, exercise and genetics play a part,” says Kate Kerr, acclaimed clinical facialist.
White bumps called milia are the most common cause, but hard bumps can also be from closed pores, cysts, keratoses, skin cancer, and more. These white bumps can appear on your face under your eyes, on your cheek, forehead, chin, or nose. White bumps on the face become more common with age and during pregnancy.
Nodules are a type of hard pimple that can be large and painful. They form when an infected skin pore or follicle is located deep below the skin surface. Cysts are found deep below the skin when a pus-filled membrane forms around the infection. They are likely to scar.
Milia are hard, raised cysts that form under the outer layer of skin. They are white to yellowish in color. They can look like a grain of sand or a hard, milky capsule. Milia are usually small, around 1 to 2 millimeters in diameter.
What does it look like? Sebaceous hyperplasia appears as small whitish-yellow bumps, 1 to 3 mm in diameter. The bumps have a centrally placed tiny pit and, in some cases, visible blood vessels. The central pit is surrounded by white-yellow tiny lumps.
Use gentle exfoliants to remove dead skin cells trapped along with keratin. You can try gentle acids like topicals or peels that have lactic, salicylic or glycolic acid.
What causes the follicles to block? The precise cause or causes of follicular occlusion are unknown. There are genetic, hormonal and environmental influences. Environmental factors may include smoking, obesity, high carbohydrate diet, humidity, and bacteria.
It causes small, scaly bumps on the skin where there are hair follicles. The bumps are extra keratin. This is a type of protein that's part of skin, hair, and nails. The bumps can appear on the upper arms, thighs, and buttocks.
Keratosis pilaris is a common, harmless skin condition that causes small, hard bumps that may make your skin feel like sandpaper. You may have heard it called “chicken skin.” The bumps are often light-colored. They usually appear on your upper arms, thighs, and buttocks, sometimes with redness or swelling.