The Romans referred to the imperial province as
People living in the Roman province of Britannia were called Britanni, or Britons.
Albion, the earliest-known name for the island of Britain. It was used by ancient Greek geographers from the 4th century bce and even earlier, who distinguished “Albion” from Ierne (Ireland) and from smaller members of the British Isles. The Greeks and Romans probably received the name from the Gauls or the Celts.
To the Romans, Britannia was a mysterious island lying beyond Oceanus, the great river described by Homer as encircling the entire inhabited world. Britain was therefore seen as a land beyond the limits of civilisation.
100 AD and he retained the names used for the islands by Pliny the Elder: Albion for Britain, and Ierne (Latinised as Hibernia) for Ireland. Following the conquest of AD 43 the Roman province of Britannia was established, and Roman Britain expanded to cover much of the island of Great Britain.
Caledonia (/ˌkælɪˈdoʊniə/; Latin: Calēdonia [kaleːˈdonia]) was the Latin name used by the Roman Empire to refer to the part of Great Britain (Latin: Britannia) that lies north of the River Forth, which includes most of the land area of Scotland.
'Pretani', from which it came from, was a Celtic word that most likely meant 'the painted people'. 'Albion' was another name recorded in the classical sources for the island we know as Britain. 'Albion' probably predates 'Pretannia'.
The interior (inland) part of Britain is inhabited by those… who were born in the island itself. The area next to the sea is made up of people from the country of the Belgae1, who travelled there to plunder and make war… and who then stayed and began to farm the lands.
Brutal treatment by the Romans, including the rape of Boudicca's daughters, resulted in a furious uprising. The hated Roman colony at Colchester was burnt to the ground, its inhabitants massacred. London came next, followed by St Albans.
In AD 410, after centuries of ruling the distant province of Britain, the Roman Empire, burdened by escalating military threats, political instability, and economic challenges, took the monumental decision to withdraw its forces and administration from the island.
The Viking territory became known as the Danelaw. It comprised the north-west, the north-east and east of England. Here, people would be subject to Danish laws.
The name Engla land became England by haplology during the Middle English period (Engle-land, Engelond). The Latin name was Anglia or Anglorum terra, the Old French and Anglo-Norman one Engleterre. By the 14th century, England was also used in reference to the entire island of Great Britain.
Roman Wales was an area of south western Britannia under Roman Empire control from the first to the fifth century AD. Romans called it Cambria but later considered it to be part of "Roman Britain" along with England.
Roman London. The Romans arrived in England about about 2,000 years ago. They called London 'Londinium'.
The word 'Britannia' is derived from 'Pretannia', from the term that the Greek historian Diodorus Siculus (1BC) used for the Pretani people, who the Greeks believed lived in Britain. Those living in Britannia would be referred to as Britanni.
x. 2 Britain is the largest island known to Romans: as regards its extent and situation it faces Germany on the east, Spain on the west; on the south it is actually within sight of Gaul; its northern shores alone have no lands opposite them, but are beaten by the wastes of the open sea.
There was a great spread of Angles, Saxons, and Franks after the Romans left Britain, with minor rulers, while the next major ruler, it is thought, was a duo named Horsa and Hengist. There was also a Saxon king, the first who is now traced to all royalty in Britain and known as Cerdic.
The Romans under their general Aulus Plautius first forced their way inland in several battles against British tribes, including the Battle of the Medway, the Battle of the Thames, and in later years Caratacus's last battle and the Roman conquest of Anglesey.
However, it wasn't all bad, as the Romans did a lot of good things for Britain such as building new towns and good roads to connect them. Here is a list of some of the things that the Romans brought to Britain: New towns. New roads and structures (some Roman roads are still used today)
Again, the lack of cavalry to chase down the fleeing Britons prevented a decisive victory. The campaigning season was now nearly over, and the legions were in no condition to winter on the coast of Kent. Caesar withdrew back across the Channel.
Brennus' taunt, wrote the classical historian Livy, was “intolerable to Roman ears,” and thereafter the Romans harbored a bitter hatred of the Celts, whom they called Gauls. The Romans ultimately enclosed their capital within a massive wall to protect it from future “barbarian” raids.
The traditional explanation for the lack of Celtic influence on English, supported by uncritical readings of the accounts of Gildas and Bede, is that Old English became dominant primarily because Germanic-speaking invaders killed, chased away, and/or enslaved the previous inhabitants of the areas that they settled.
Albion: definitive page. Albion is the original name of England which the land was known as by the Romans, probably from the Latin albus meaning white, and referring to the chalk cliffs along the south-east coast of England.
This study found that modern southern, central and eastern English populations were of "a predominantly Anglo-Saxon-like ancestry" while those from northern and southwestern England had a greater degree of indigenous origin.