By ten-years, given enough moisture, the wet, low-oxygen environment sets off a chemical reaction that will turn the fat in the thighs and bottom to a soap-like substance called grave wax. However, in drier conditions, the body could also be mummified – that's mummification without wrappings, or chemicals.
For those who are embalmed and buried in a coffin, five to 10 years is a more typical decomposition timeline, he said. At that point, the tissue is gone and only bones remain. The quality of the embalming job also plays a role, Wescott said.
Embalmed bodies eventually decompose too, but exactly when, and how long it takes, depends largely on how the embalming was done, the type of casket in which the body is placed, and how it is buried.
How Long Does an Embalmed Body Last? Some people think that embalming completely stops the decay of the body, but this isn't true. If you plan on having an open-casket funeral, then you should not leave the embalmed body out for more than a week. Otherwise, the embalmed body can last two more weeks.
The common practice of embalming has one purpose: it slows the decomposition of a dead body so that a funeral can be delayed for several days and cosmetic work can be done on the corpse. Despite the appearances it creates, it is a violent process, and the corpses still decompose.
Embalming does not preserve the human body forever; it merely delays the inevitable and natural consequences of death. The rate of decomposition will vary, depending on the strength of the chemicals and methods used, and the humidity and temperature of the final resting place.
By ten-years, given enough moisture, the wet, low-oxygen environment sets off a chemical reaction that will turn the fat in the thighs and bottom to a soap-like substance called grave wax. However, in drier conditions, the body could also be mummified – that's mummification without wrappings, or chemicals.
After a body is embalmed, it is time to do the makeup, hair and nails. The thick, sticky texture of mortuary cosmetics gives the bodies the look of pores — the more they pat the makeup into the skin, the more natural it appears.
Over time, coffins underground will decompose and eventually collapse. Covering the face before closing the casket adds an extra layer of protection and dignity for the deceased's face and can act as a symbolic final goodbye.
If you are looking at a long-lasting ground casket, pick a steel or metal casket. If the grave site is low on water content or moisture, metal caskets are known to last even longer, over five decades. Under favorable weather conditions, experts say that metal caskets may even last more than that – up to 80 years.
For the most part, however, if a non-embalmed body was viewed one year after burial, it would already be significantly decomposed, the soft tissues gone, and only the bones and some other body parts remaining.
As material in coffins, “lead helps keep out moisture and preserve the body for longer and prevent smells and toxins from a dead body escaping,” said Julie Anne Taddeo, a research professor of history at the University of Maryland.
Embalmed bodies feel firm. When a living human pinches the skin on their own arm, it moves around the muscles. When a living human pinches the skin on an embalmed body the skin wrinkles and resists to budge. The higher the chemical index of the embalmed fluid, the least life-like the body feels.
8-10 days postmortem: the body turns from green to red as blood decomposes and gases accumulate. 2+ weeks postmortem: teeth and nails fall out. 1+ month postmortem: the corpse begins to liquefy into a dark sludge.
One of the most common questions people have about embalming is whether or not organs are removed. The answer is no; all of the organs remain in the body during the embalming process. Instead, the Embalmer makes small incisions in the abdomen and inserts tubes into the body cavity.
Eyes and lips are not sewn or glued shut. During the embalming process, an "eye cap" is placed under each eyelid and over the eyeball. The eyes themselves may soften a little over time, but the eye cap helps to retain the shape of the eye. A Vaseline-like cream is placed on the lips to keep them together.
Instead of putting it directly on the body like you would a living individual, the clothing is typically cut straight down the back. Why is it cut? After death, even after embalming, the body becomes stiff and swollen. Clothing that might have fit perfectly during life likely doesn't fit the same now.
Unless a casket is made of metal and sealed with a material that won't degrade, bugs will eventually get inside.
What's really returned to you is the person's skeleton. Once you burn off all the water, soft tissue, organs, skin, hair, cremation container/casket, etc., what you're left with is bone. When complete, the bones are allowed to cool to a temperature that they can be handled and are placed into a processing machine.
They scavenge corpses on the surface, but they can't dig down to a coffin. Maggots can't find a buried corpse in coffin either, unless eggs are laid on the body before it is buried.
That said, it's possible for people to survive being injected with formaldehyde, Hoyte said. A person's survival would depend on the dose given, but because this situation is so rare, doctors don't really know what a fatal or non-fatal dose would be.
Either way, it is certain that Ötzi is the oldest tattooed mummy known to man. His body is located at the South Tyrol Museum of Archaeology.
After your loved one passes away, you can safely keep their body at your home for several days, as long as the conditions in the room are cool. If you're not sure about health and safety regulations, you could ask your funeral director about strategies to preserve the body.
Behind the scenes, it's weirder still. First, the body is drained of blood and preserved with gallons of ethanol and formaldehyde, which makes it feel hard to the touch.