“When we cry, our lacrimal glands are supported by tear fluid, which comes from an increase of blood flow to our eyes, causing bloodshot eyes and pupil dilation,” she says. “The salt in tears leads to water retention and swelling around our eyes.
Crying is a normal behavior caused by a variety of reasons that include emotional, physical and chemical responses from your body. But it's possible you can cry too much or not cry enough. Either can cause damage to your eyes if left untreated. Some conditions that aren't considered normal may include the following.
Ultimately, the endorphins released by crying are designed to make us feel better, be that by relieving pain or whether it's the “chemicals produced by our brain to promote feelings of well-being”. Tears also promote eye health, contributing to keeping dry eye disease at bay, and flushing out potential infection risks.
If a person is crying over a prolonged period, the continuous contractions of these muscles may result in a tension headache. Tension headaches are the most common primary headache, a headache that is not the result of another condition.
By the process of osmosis, water from your tears flows through a semipermeable membrane into the tissue around your eyes to balance out the concentration of salt on either side. This causes your eyes to appear puffy, which is only aggravated when you rub them while you're crying.
Research has found that in addition to being self-soothing, shedding emotional tears releases oxytocin and endorphins. These chemicals make people feel good and may also ease both physical and emotional pain. In this way, crying can help reduce pain and promote a sense of well-being.
Cry all you want — you won't run out of tears
According to the American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO), you make 15 to 30 gallons of tears every year. Your tears are produced by lacrimal glands located above your eyes. Tears spread across the surface of the eye when you blink.
Crying also soothes us by facilitating the release of oxytocin (also called the cuddle hormone). This induces a sense of calm and well-being, helping us sleep peacefully.
Chan, however, says that if you feel emotional and want to cry, it is best to let it all out rather than holding it back. “Crying can be helpful in some situations, but remember that it's only a means for you to express your feelings, be it anger, sadness, anxiety, frustration or grief,” he says.
“Crying releases a ton of hormones, including chemical endorphins (painkillers) and oxytocin, also known as the 'love hormone'. These induce a sense of calm and promote sleepiness,” explains Rhodes.
“However, it is notable that reduced levels of cortisol can also reduce premature signs of aging. Therefore, crying often may also have an anti-aging benefit.” On the flip side, crying too much might cause excessive broken capillaries around the eyes or nose.
How Much Crying Is Too Much? No guidelines exist that determine how much people should or should not cry. Studies indicate that women tend to shed more emotional tears than men. One study found that women cried an average of 5.3 times per month while men cried 1.4 times during the same period.
Tears are known to contain an antibacterial property that helps them to clean the eye and eliminate all the bad bacteria in our eyes. This helps improve our vision and keep our eyes at their peak health. Next time you are crying, instead of thinking negatively, think of all toxins you are flushing out of your system!
To help constrict blood vessels and reduce symptoms after crying, Zhu recommends washing your face with cold water or applying a cold compresses over the eyelids. Since crying dehydrates you through lost electrolytes, Seelal also advises drinking water and applying a moisturizer.
Crying causes a release of endorphins or feel-good hormones and a reduction in stress hormones like cortisol, which have been linked to breakouts and other skin conditions. Though this may require more research, indications are that occasional bouts of crying can be good for the skin in the long run.
A newer study found that the average duration for a crying session was eight minutes. If you're concerned that you're crying too much, if you can't seem to stop crying, or have started crying more than usual, talk to your doctor. It may be a sign of depression or another mood disorder.
Your brain signals your adrenal glands to release stress hormones, such as adrenaline and cortisol. These chemicals boost your heart rate and blood pressure, so if you hold them in while trying not to cry, it can translate into chest tightness and heavy breathing.
Crying apparently burns as much as laughing does, at about a rate of 1.3 calories a minute.
Bad Effects of Crying on Health
But for some, the act of crying can cause medical complications. It can lead to fits or can cause acute shortness of breath. For those with severe heart conditions, there can be a cardiac pain. Crying can take a toll on your body if you have certain medical conditions.
Crying is normal in healthy amounts—but what is a healthy amount? With no hard numbers as to how often we should cry, the American Psychological Association states that, on average, women cry emotional tears several times a month (30 to 64 times a year), while men may cry once every month or two (5 to 17 times a year).
Tears and all of our other body fluids are salty because of electrolytes, also known as salt ions. Our bodies use electrolytes to create electricity that helps power our brains and move our muscles. Electrolytes contain: Sodium (which accounts for the saltiness)
On average, women cry almost seven times more than men
Although babies cry more often, one study revealed that adults tend to cry longer — 20 per cent of all grown-up crying bouts last longer than 30 minutes. Eight per cent of crying bouts go on to last longer than a whole hour!
There are many reasons why you might struggle to shed a tear or two. It might be because of a physical ailment but, more often than not, an inability to cry says a lot about our emotional state, our beliefs and prejudices about crying, or our past experiences and trauma.
It won't rid you of PTSD and your fears, but let your tears flow and you'll maybe feel a little better afterwards. 'Crying for long periods of time releases oxytocin and endogenous opioids, otherwise known as endorphins. These feel-good chemicals can help ease both physical and emotional pain.