Although very little is known about the identity of Legolas' mother, she is referenced a few times in The Hobbit films, and a big part of the source of contention between Taurial and Thranduil is that she thinks him cold and unfeeling, and he thinks her naive and foolhardy.
She was created for the Hobbit films because the filmmakers thought the story should have more female characters. Since Tauriel is an invention of the filmmakers, she does not appear in any of J.R.R. Tolkien's books, which he wrote decades before the films were made.
After the fall of Sauron, Thranduil fixed the southern boundary of his realm as the Mountains of Mirkwood, and his realm flourished well into the Fourth Age. He may have stayed on as the king of the Great Forest or left Middle-earth and departed to the Undying Lands.
It is unknown how old Thranduil is, but he is at least four thousand years old, having fought in The Last Alliance against Sauron with his father Oropher, who died in that battle.
No, Thranduil does not have a ring of power in The Hobbit. There are three Elven rings of power, and they are worn by Elrond, Galadriel, and Cirdan. All three are powerful rulers in the Elven Kingdom. Thranduil, as the King of the Woodland Realm, is not considered important enough to possess a ring.
It is later mentioned that Tauriel is a talented warrior and was therefore made leader of the Mirkwood border guards. Legolas, the son of Mirkwood's Elven king Thranduil, is indicated to be attracted to her, but as she is a lowly Silvan Elf, she does not believe herself worthy of him.
The original character Tauriel finds herself in a love triangle with both the Elf prince Legolas and the Dwarf Kili pining for her affection. She remains uninterested in Legolas, but begins to feel a bond to Kili as the two speak in the dungeons of Mirkwood.
Legolas does not marry or have any children, based on the appendix of The Lord of the Rings. Regardless of who his mother was, Legolas is the last of his line. When he sails into the West at the beginning of the Fourth Age, he leaves no family members behind.
Thranduil is a survivor of Doriath, which was destroyed, in part by fire drakes, in 506 FA; it was here that he was burned by a dragon (the 'serpents of the north' he mentions). He hides the burn scars with illusions but they're still there which is why he tells Thorin he knows all about dragon fire.
Thranduil's face was (presumably) burned by a dragon in the War of Wrath during the Fall of Beleriand—probably the most epic battle of Middle Earth (more later)…
He never even talks about romance in The Lord of The Rings trilogy. While he became averse to falling in love, the son of Thranduil did not become loveless. Legolas traded romance for strong, loving companionship among friends.
Tauriel is not royalty, or high-born. Thranduil is very royal, strict. He wouldn't let his child marry any old elf.
In fact, the Thranduil in the films is a selfish and greedy king, who is willing to put his own pride and disputes above his elves, above his son, and above people who desperately need his help.
Tauriel, the immortal elf who loved a mortal dwarf, and Arwen, the immortal elf who loved a mortal man. The first watched her love die and will have to live forever with that pain, while the second gave up her immortality and died with her love.
“You gave me a very special bow, and I look after it.” In related news, sources reveal that I “had such a crush” on Aragorn, son of Arathorn, called Elessar, the Elfstone, Dúnadan, the heir of Isildur Elendil's son of Gondor.
Tauriel admits her love for Kili in The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies.
The actor is suffering from Legolas Syndrome — where you accidentally get cast into a role that suits you far more than your real-life looks, leaving you with a tricky predicament after the wrap party. Do you A) nick all the costumes and stay in character the rest of your working life, or B)
At the end of The Hobbit movies, Tauriel chose to stay in Middle-Earth and continue her work as a guard for the Elvenking. She had grown close to Kili during their journey together and wanted to remain with him despite his mortality.
Gimli, Lord of the Glittering Caves
He becomes the Lord of the Glittering Caves, and prospers there for many years, doing great works for the Kings of Gondor and Rohan. He never takes a wife and has no children.
This doesn't make Thranduil any more powerful than the other two, even though he has a higher title. In fact, Galadriel is probably the most powerful elf in Middle Earth in the Third Age, but she chooses to put that power to the life and vibrancy of her forest, rather than to establish her right to rule.
Does Legolas not like calling him father? And Gimli refers to Thranduil as "your king" when talking to Legolas. These two always speak so openly and effortlessly to each other that this random formal bit feels out of place.
For The Rings of Power, Númenórian hatred of Elves built over time out of jealously for their immortality. In The Silmarillion, Tolkien outlines the downfall of Númenor as a slow burn that began with the Ban of the Valar, which entailed the first Númenórians agreeing to never sail west toward Valinor.