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A Caesar cipher is a simple method of encoding messages. Caesar ciphers use a substitution method where letters in the alphabet are shifted by some fixed number of spaces to yield an encoding alphabet. A Caesar cipher with a shift of 1 would encode an A as a B, an M as an N, and a Z as an A, and so on.
The Caesar Cipher is a monoalphabetic rotation cipher used by Gaius Julius Caesar. Caesar rotated each letter of the plaintext forward three times to encrypt, so that A became D, B became E, etc., as shown in Table 4.6. Table 4.7 shows how “ATTACK AT DAWN” encrypts to “DWWDFN DW GDZQ” using the Caesar Cipher.
Julius Caesar had developed an encrypted code to send his confidential messages but also used other cryptographic techniques, so much so that Valerio Probo wrote an entire treatise on the subject, which unfortunately was lost. The cipher we know today is the one that Suetonius describes in his "Life of the Caesars".
Caesar Box. The "Caesar Box," or "Caesar Cipher," is one of the earliest known ciphers. Developed around 100 BC, it was used by Julius Caesar to send secret messages to his generals in the field. In the event that one of his messages got intercepted, his opponent could not read them.
A group of senators, all friends and fellow Romans, saw the dictator as a threat to Rome's political stability and as an affront to the ideals of their Republic. They could not stand idly by as Rome fell into the lap of a self-righteous dictator. For the sake of the Republic, Caesar would have to fall.
MARCUS BRUTUS: One of the most well-known cries of dismay over a betrayal is Julius Caesar's "Et tu, Brute?," uttered when Brutus, a Roman senator, joined a plot to oust Caesar from power. But Brutus' betrayal was fueled by complicated concerns for the Roman republic.
According to Oranchak, the cipher attributed to the killer says, "I hope you are having lots of fun in trying to catch me. ... I am not afraid of the gas chamber because it will send me to paradise all the sooner because I now have enough slaves to work for me."
Answer and Explanation: Casca was the first person to stab Julius Caesar, according to the Shakespeare play and Plutarch, a Greek biographer.
The first cipher device appears to have been employed by the ancient Greeks around 400 bce for secret communications between military commanders. This device, called the scytale, consisted of a tapered baton around which was spirally wrapped a piece of parchment inscribed with the message.
The encryption step performed by a Caesar cipher is often incorporated as part of more complex schemes, such as the Vigenère cipher, and still has modern application in the ROT13 system.
Note that the Caesar cipher is monoalphabetic, so the same plaintext letters are encrypted as the same letters. Like, "HELLO" has "L", encrypted by "A". The encrypted message of this plain text is "WTAAD".
The Caesar cipher can be easily broken even in a ciphertext-only scenario. Since there are only a limited number of possible shifts (25 in English), an attacker can mount a brute force attack by deciphering the message, or part of it, using each possible shift.
ROT13 ("rotate by 13 places", sometimes hyphenated ROT-13) is a simple letter substitution cipher that replaces a letter with the 13th letter after it in the latin alphabet. ROT13 is a special case of the Caesar cipher which was developed in ancient Rome.
Cipher comes from the Arabic sifr, which means "nothing" or "zero." The word came to Europe along with the Arabic numeral system. As early codes substituted numerals for letters to hide the word's meaning, codes became known as ciphers.
With the Caesar Shift cipher, each letter of the alphabet is “shifted” some fixed number. The shift is named a “ROT,” which stands for “rotation.” For example, with a ROT1 shift A becomes B, B becomes C, and so on. With a ROT13 shift, on the other hand, A becomes N, B becomes O, C becomes P, etc.
Another Shakespearean invention was Caesar's last words, "Et tu, Brute?," meaning "You too, Brutus?" in Latin.
The death of Caesar sparked a civil war. Shakespeare's play The Tragedy of Julius Caesar depicts Caesar's last words as "Et tu, Brute?," which translates to "You too, Brutus?" Shakespeare used this line based on the book Twelve Caesars written by Suetonius over 150 years after Caesar has been assassinated.
After Roman leader Julius Caesar defeated Pompey the Great, he was betrayed by two of his closest friends, Brutus and Cassius.
Cryptographic researchers have finally cracked a 51-year-old code left by the Zodiac, a serial killer who terrorized Northern California in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Much of the work of cracking the code was done in Mathematica, the statistics package from Wolfram.
The last known victim, a taxi driver, was shot in October 1969. The murders were the subject of intense investigation and media coverage, particularly because of the killer's taunting letters to newspapers and phone calls to police.
"I LIKE KILLING PEOPLE BECAUSE IT IS SO MUCH FUN IT IS MORE FUN THAN KILLING WILD GAME IN THE FORREST BECAUSE MAN IS THE MOST DANGEROUS ANIMAL OF ALL TO KILL SOMETHING GIVES ME THE MOST THRILLING EXPERENCE IT IS EVEN BETTER THAN GETTING YOUR ROCKS OFF WITH A GIRL THE BEST PART OF IT IS THAT WHEN I DIE I WILL BE REBORN ...
Caesar's greatest weakness is his physical frailty. In Brutus' quote "He hath the falling disease?" we see that this frailty is obvious and the subject of open discussion amongst those who plot his downfall. Caesar's physical limitations spur him to his greatest strength, however, which is his assertiveness.
Brutus becomes convinced that the citizens want to stop Caesar from becoming emperor of Rome as a result of the fraudulent letters. Cassius betrays not only Caesar, but Brutus as well, since Brutus joins the conspiracy as a result of the false impression of the citizens' position that Cassius conveys in the letters.
The death of Julius Caesar ultimately had the opposite impact of what his assassins hoped. Much of the Roman public hated the senators for the assassination, and a series of civil wars ensued.