The greeting for Muslims is in Arabic - As-salamu alaikum which means Peace be upon you.
Salam (Arabic: سلام, salām), sometimes spelled salaam, is an Arabic word that literally means "peace", but is also used as a general greeting, above all in Arabian countries and by the Muslim countries around the world in general.
The literal meaning of Mashallah is "God has willed it", in the sense of "what God has willed has happened"; it is used to say something good has happened, used in the past tense. Inshallah, literally "if God has willed", is used similarly but to refer to a future event.
Who uses assalamu alaikum? Muslims of all ethnicities use this word as a way of marking and affirming their faith. The polite response to the phrase is wa alaikum assalam, which means “and upon you be peace.”
"Wa-Alaikum-Salaam," meaning "And unto you peace," was the standard response. Muslim ministers and audiences regularly exchanged the salutation at the beginning and end of lectures and sermons.
It is said that we should not say assalamu alaikum to people who are doing their ablution, or eating, and if someone says salam to people in either state, that person should not reply. Is it correct? On the other hand, when we visit a graveyard or pass by it, we are recommended to say salam to the dead.
Then, scholars of madhhab al-Syafi'i said that if a man gives salam to a woman – if they have a mahram, marriage or slavery relationship – then it is sunnah and answering it is obligatory.
Shukran (شكراً)
Shukran is used in all Arabic-speaking countries, in both formal and informal settings, and is understood widely among speakers of all dialects of Arabic. It comes from the root verb shakara (شكر) meaning “to thank”.
The words as-Salam-u-'Alaikum are generally suffixed with these words Rahmat Allah wa Barakaatuh (mercy of Allah and His bleasings). These three words: "peace... ,mercy" and "blessings of Allah" in fact form the sum and substance of Islam and the Muslims are asked to shower upon one another these benedictions.
walaikum assalam meaning:
The slightly longer version, Wa alaykumus salam wa rahmatullah can be translated as “May the peace and mercy of Allah be with you too”. Lastly, Wa alaykumu s-salam wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh would be “May the peace, mercy, and blessings of Allah be with you too”.
The appropriate response to “Alhamdulillah” is also “Alhamdulillah,” as a sign of agreement and approval. This phrase literally means “all praise and thanks are due to Allah,” and is used by Muslims around the world.
Usage: Formal
“Salam Alaikum” is a traditional Arabic greeting (also commonly used by non-Arab Muslim speakers) which means “peace be upon you”. it can be used on all occasions. “Wa Alaykum as-salam,” meaning “and unto you peace,” is the standard response.
The phrase تصبح على خير tiSbaH 'ala khair is the closest equivalent to the way people use the phrase “good night” in English. It is used as a way to say farewell in the evening.
For Muslims, the term — which translates to “If God wills” — is auspicious: If you want something to happen, you should say inshallah before you say anything else about it.
There are three components of gratitude: (1) Thanking Allah by humbling our hearts to Him. (2) Thanking Allah by acknowledging His favours and praising Him with our tongues. (3) Thanking Allah by using all of our body parts to obey Him.
Ahlan (hello).
This also depends on the relationship between the people. “Ahlan Wa Sahlan” (welcome) is the more formal version of “Ahlan”. The most common reply is “Ahlan bik” to a male or “Ahlan biki” to a female.