Tuesday was named for the Roman god of war, Mars, so in Latin was known as dies Martis. However, the Germanic god of war was known as Tiu and the English day of the week is derived from this Germanic god's name instead, first known as Tiwsday and eventually Tuesday.
The name is a calque of the Latin dies Mercurii 'day of Mercury', reflecting the fact that the Germanic god Woden (Wodanaz or Odin) during the Roman era was interpreted as "Germanic Mercury". The Latin name dates to the late 2nd or early 3rd century.
Frjádagr - Friday
Venus is the goddess of love, and so is Frigg (and maybe also Freya, as they may have originally been the same goddess). Frígg gave the name to Friday. Frigg is Odin's wife in Norse mythology.
They named Tuesday for Ares, their savage god of war; Wednesday, for Hermes, the messenger of the gods, a trickster, and the god of commerce. Thursday they named for Zeus, god of the sky and thunder, and king of all other gods and men. Friday they named for Aphrodite, goddess of love.
The name is derived from Old English þunresdæg and Middle English Thuresday (with loss of -n-, first in northern dialects, from influence of Old Norse Þórsdagr) meaning "Thor's Day". It was named after the Norse god of Thunder, Thor.
The English name for Monday comes from the Anglo-Saxon word Mōnandæg, which loosely means “the moon's day.” Mōna is the word for moon in Old English. The second day of the week has been classified as the moon's day since Babylonian times.
How Saturday got its name. The word Saturday can be traced back to the Latin Sāturnī diēs (literally “Saturn's day”). That led to the Old English pronunciation and spelling Saternesdæg, followed by the Middle English Saturdai before English speakers settled on Saturday.
The days were named after the planets of Hellenistic astrology, in the order: Sun, Moon, Mars (Ares), Mercury (Hermes), Jupiter (Zeus), Venus (Aphrodite) and Saturn (Cronos). The seven-day week spread throughout the Roman Empire in Late Antiquity.
How Sunday got its name. The name for Sunday stems from the Middle English word sunnenday, which itself comes from the Old English word sunnandæg. The English derivations stem from the Latin diēs sōlis (“sun's day”). To know why this particular day is devoted to the sun, you have to look to Babylonian times.
Saturday, the final day of the week, was originally known as Laugardag (formed from Loki's name, but it translates to wash-day). When adapted to English, the day did in fact maintain its connection to Loki. The word Saturday is based on Sataere (the thief in ambush).
The English word Thursday is named after the Norse god of thunder, Thor. Thursday means Thor's day in Old English. Thor is represented riding a chariot drawn by goats and wielding his hammer. In most languages with Latin origins, the day is named after the god and planet Jupiter.
The Babylonians, who lived in modern-day Iraq, were astute observers and interpreters of the heavens, and it is largely thanks to them that our weeks are seven days long. The reason they adopted the number seven was that they observed seven celestial bodies — the Sun, the Moon, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn.
Wednesday – miércoles
Our words for Wednesday don't have much in common, but if you know the Roman pantheon of gods – or the names of the planets – you can remember that miércoles is for Mercury, the Roman god of messages and communication. On Wednesdays, we send messages.
What did the Vikings call Saturday? Saturday, or dies Saturni, in Roman times, was designated as Saturn's Day. This was in honor of the Roman god, Saturn. In Norse mythology, Saturday was named “Laugardagr” which was derived from two things: wash day (“laugardagen”) and Loki's day.
Our lives run on Roman time. Birthdays, wedding anniversaries, and public holidays are regulated by Pope Gregory XIII's Gregorian Calendar, which is itself a modification of Julius Caesar's calendar introduced in 45 B.C. The names of our months are therefore derived from the Roman gods, leaders, festivals, and numbers.
Then the remaining five days of the week are named after gods: Tuesday was named for the Germanic god of war, Tiu; Wednesday was named for Woden, the supreme creator among the Norse gods; Thursday was named for Thor, the Norse god of thunder; Friday was named for Frigga, the Norse goddess of marital love and the hearth ...
Earth is the only planet whose English name does not derive from Greek/Roman mythology. The name derives from Old English and Germanic. There are, of course, many other names for our planet in other languages. Mars is the Roman god of War.
JANUARY. Named for the Roman god Janus, protector of gates and doorways. Janus is depicted with two faces, one looking into the past, the other into the future. In ancient Roman times, the gates of the temple of Janus were open in times of war and closed in times of peace.
Saturn's name comes from Saturnus, the god of the Capitol, agriculture, time, liberation, and wealth. According to Roman mythology, Saturn was the god who taught the Roman people how to sow the land with seeds and grow crops. He was also the god of time. The planet Saturn orbits the Sun the slowest of all the planets.
The name Friday comes from the Old English frīġedæġ, meaning the "day of Frig", a result of an old convention associating the Nordic goddess Frigg with the Roman goddess Venus, with whom the day is associated in many different cultures.
Every year, the third Monday of January is dubbed “Blue Monday”. The theory goes that this is the time of year when we're all cold, broke and riddled with guilt that our new year's resolutions to get fit, drink less alcohol, and be a better human being have fallen by the wayside.
The first day of the week is named in reference to the moon, in Spanish 'luna' (Lunes), the second to Mars (Marte), the third to Mercury (Miércoles), fourth to Jupiter (Jueves), and the third to Venus (Viernes).
The names of the months are all derived from three sources: Greek and Roman deities, Roman rulers, and numbers.