Waste is defined as unwanted and unusable materials and is regarded as a substance which is of no use. Waste that we see in our surroundings is also known as garbage.
Waste is a product or substance which is no longer suited for its intended use. Whereas in natural ecosystems waste (i.e. oxygen, carbon dioxide and dead organic matter) is used as food or a reactant, waste materials resulting from human activities are often highly resilient and take a long time to decompose.
Answer: The container or space in which the waste material is stored is called a dustbin.
Class 4 landfills can accept only inert, non-putrescible wastes that degrade very slowly or do not degrade. So waste placed in a Class 4 facility must exhibit minimal or reduced potential for the release of contaminants into the ground or surface waters.
Under the lean manufacturing system, seven wastes are identified: overproduction, inventory, motion, defects, over-processing, waiting, and transport.
Waste are of two types, biodegradable and non-biodegradable.
Domestic wastes include food waste, paper, glass, metals, plastics, textiles, etc. A large part of domestic wastes consists of plant and animal waste such as vegetables, fruit peel, bone and meat waste, and chicken and fish waste, which are considered as wet wastes.
The process of converting plant and animal waste materials into manure by rotting is called composting. Compost is a natural fertilizer , which is required for the growth of plants. So, compost is mixed with soil where plants grow as it provides nutrients to the soil.
Garbage is produced also by offices, shops, schools, etc., every day. Kitchen wastes include vegetables and fruit peels, egg shells, waste food or left over food, tea leaves, plastic and polythene bags or tins, waste paper, etc. If these garbages are not removed, our homes and surroundings will become dirty.
The major components are food waste, paper, plastic, rags, metal and glass, although demolition and construction debris is often included in collected waste, as are small quantities of hazardous waste, such as electric light bulbs, batteries, automotive parts and discarded medicines and chemicals.
Refuse includes garbage and rubbish. Garbage is mostly decomposable food waste, and rubbish is mostly dry material such as glass, paper, cloth, or wood. Garbage is highly putrescible or decomposable, whereas rubbish is not.
Major Causes of Solid Waste Pollution
Debris from construction and demolition. Debris from roads (such as asphalt and scrap metal) Scrap from vehicles. Agriculture.
Non-biodegradable waste
Non-biodegradable wastes do not decompose by themselves and hence are major pollutants.
The process of converting plant and animal waste including that from the kitchen, into manure is called composting. The set of items that are good for making compost are egg shells, vegetable and fruit peels and tea leaves.
A living System is a system where many living thing reside, e.g. Soil is a home for many living organisms and thus Soil is a living system.
Reuse means to use the same thing again and again. For Example - Reuse the paper envelopes are reversing inside out. The plastic jars in which we buy various food items such as jams, pickles, oils and ghee can be used later on for storing things like salt, spices, sugar, tea leaves and pulses etc.
Industries produce a variety of solid, liquid as well as gaseous waste containg a lot of harmful and lethal chemicals. Hence Industrial waste is the most harmful type of waste.
The garbage should be disposed of into dustbins or garbage bins properly. We can reduce the percentage of garbage disposal by utilising the kitchen wastes for making compost or vermicompost. We should also reduce the usage of plastic bags since it is not degradable in the soil.
Waste segregation is included in law because it is much easier to recycle. Effective segregation of wastes means that less waste goes to landfill which makes it cheaper and better for people and the environment. It is also important to segregate for public health.
Landfill. The non-useful part of garbage which cannot be turned into compost, recycled or reused is disposed of in a landfill. Landfill is a low-lying area of ground where the garbage collected from a city is dumped. This garbage is spread over the landfill and covered with a layer of soil to level the uneven ground.
Many different types of waste are generated, including municipal solid waste, hazardous waste, industrial non-hazardous waste, agricultural and animal waste, medical waste, radioactive waste, construction and demolition debris, extraction and mining waste, oil and gas production waste, fossil fuel combustion waste, and ...