Parasitic infection of the spine is a rare condition. The most common parasites affecting the spinal canal include cysticercosis, schistosomiasis, toxoplasmosis and echinococcal disease, and are much more frequent in the developing countries of Asia and Africa [8].
A number of these parasitic diseases affecting the CNS may involve the spine. Patients may present with typical symptoms such as back pain, numbness, weakness, or bowel/bladder incontinence, leading the clinician to order relevant imaging of the CNS.
Gastrointestinal distress — since parasites take up residence in the intestines, this is where the most damage occurs. Diarrhea, constipation, gas, bloating, and nausea are all common symptoms of parasites. Weight loss — parasites can cause nausea and poor nutritional absorption, which can lead to weight loss.
Patients can also present with a prolonged onset of intermittent back pain until the diagnosis [5]. Spinal cord schistosomiasis can mimic spinal cord tumor presentation and necessitate biopsy as in our case and as reported in the literature [6].
The most common source of spinal infections is a bacterium called staphylococcus aureus, followed by Escherichia coli. Spinal infections may occur after a urological procedure, because the veins in the lower spine come up through the pelvis. The most common area of the spine affected is the lumbar region.
Within 1-2 months of infection, symptoms may develop including fever, chills, cough, and muscle aches. Without treatment, schistosomiasis can persist for years. Signs and symptoms of chronic schistosomiasis include: abdominal pain, enlarged liver, blood in the stool or blood in the urine, and problems passing urine.
Eat more raw garlic, pumpkin seeds, pomegranates, beets, and carrots, all of which have been used traditionally to kill parasites. In one study, researchers found that a mixture of honey and papaya seeds cleared stools of parasites in 23 out of 30 subjects. Drink a lot of water to help flush out your system.
The Diagnose at Home stool ova and parasite test lets you check for dangerous parasites in your stool from the comfort of your home. There's no need for time-consuming visits to the doctor's office when you're experiencing extreme discomfort.
For those who do get sick, signs and symptoms usually appear one to three weeks after exposure and may include: Watery, sometimes foul-smelling diarrhea that may alternate with soft, greasy stools. Fatigue. Stomach cramps and bloating.
However, parasitic infections still occur in the United States, and in some cases, affect millions of people. Often they can go unnoticed, with few symptoms. But many times these infections cause serious illnesses, including seizures, blindness, heart failure, and even death.
Giardia is arguably the most common parasite infection of humans worldwide, and the second most common in the United States after pin-worm. Between 1992 and 1997, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimated that more than 2.5 million cases of giardiasis occur annually.
MRI is superior to CT scan in the evaluation of most CNS parasitic infections and is nearly diagnostic, particularly in endemic areas. Contrast-enhanced study is essential not only for specific diagnosis of the disease, but also for assessment of the inflammatory activity.
PCR Test - Bacteria
Technology for detecting parasites and other pathogens has improved dramatically since 2013. This PCR (polymerase chain reaction) test looks for the genetic fingerprint of a wide range of pathogens. This is a far more sensitive test than the old fashioned technique of looking through a microscope.
Some parasitic infections disappear on their own, especially if your immune system is healthy and you eat a balanced diet. For parasites that don't go away on their own, your doctor will generally prescribe oral medication. This treatment is generally effective and proven to work.
The finding that liquid hand soap efficiently destroys all three parasites suggests that soap solutions can be used as first aid measure to clean skin areas accidentally contaminated with the pathogens.
Common global water-related diseases caused by parasites include Guinea worm, schistosomiasis, amebiasis, cryptosporidiosis (Crypto), and giardiasis. People become infected with these diseases when they swallow or have contact with water that has been contaminated by certain parasites.
Diagnosis. Schistosomiasis is diagnosed through the detection of parasite eggs in stool or urine specimens. Antibodies and/or antigens detected in blood or urine samples are also indications of infection.
Inflammation caused by a parasitic infection can send the immune system into overdrive. More than two-thirds of the human immune system is located in the wall of the small intestine. When activated, regulatory proteins such as interleukins, other cytokines and dendritic cells are set in motion.