Sex differences in human intelligence have long been a topic of debate among researchers and scholars. It is now recognized that there are no significant sex differences in general intelligence, though particular subtypes of intelligence vary somewhat between sexes.
Boys have larger brains, but girls' brains mature faster. The hippocampus, where memory and language are derived from, develops more rapidly and is larger in girls than in boys. Girls also have more of their cerebral cortex defined for verbal function. This impacts vocabulary, reading, and writing skills.
It's not because women are stronger; men are actually more powerful than comparably fit females. But here's the point: Women's muscles tend to be more resistant to fatigue than men's, which means they can perform at the same relative intensity for a longer duration than men.
Women scored an average of 63% in our logical reasoning tests, compared with an average of 59% for men. Interestingly, these scores were almost completely reversed after the age of 55, with men scoring 64% and women coming in behind at 59%.
However, gender inequality has long been concerning in all countries. Now, an anthropological study of gender division of labour across different societies has revealed that women work harder than men.
Types of Learning: How Boys and Girls Are Different
Girls tend to mature a little faster than boys, developing language skills sooner and giving them the edge over boys in reading, writing, and speech. While boys are lagging behind girls on writing assignments, they are often ahead in math and science.
Girls typically outperform boys in humanities, languages and reading tests, while boys do better in maths. But when grades are awarded by teachers, girls do better in all subjects.
Among humans, women's life span is almost 8% on average longer than men's life span. But among wild mammals, females in 60% of the studied species have, on average, 18.6% longer lifespans.
In fact, not only do girls mature faster than boys, scientists believe that their brains can develop up to ten years earlier! In a study performed by Newcastle University in England, it was discovered that as the brain matures it begins to remove neural connections that are stored which it does not think are important.
According to these results, men commit violent crimes more than three times as often as women [source: United States Department of Justice]. Even taking into account the possibility that many crimes in which a woman commits violence go unreported, such a disparity can't be dismissed.
Indeed, research has shown that women often score higher on emotional intelligence or empathy tests than men, especially, but not only [10], if measured through self-reports, such as the Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-i [11]) the Empathy Quotient [12], the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) [13], or emotional ...
Women have stronger legs than men –
So, women have less muscle mass than males, not less muscle strength. The study also notes that women's legs may be stronger than those of males since we tend to have a bigger lower body.
The X chromosome had more of the genes involved in immunity than does the Y chromosome. Catherine Greene, associate professor of clinical microbiology, said: "The phenomenon of female neonates being hardier than their male counterparts is well recognised.
Pictured above, Terence Tao is said to have the highest IQ score in the world currently, with an impressive score of between 225-230. If the Chinese-American mathematician scored 230 he is definitely out in front. Effectively tying for the title, though, is Marilyn Vos Savant.
Among adults, males have slightly higher verbal and reasoning abilities than females and a more pronounced superiority on spatial abilities. If the three abilities are combined to form general intelligence, the mean for males is 4 IQ points higher than the mean for females.
It remains so interesting because there is overwhelming consensus in cognitive psychology that males and females do not differ in general intelligence; gender differences are only found for specific cognitive abilities like verbal/visual-spatial tasks rather than psychometric intelligence (for a thorough review see ...
Although there is a wide range of normal ages, girls typically begin puberty around ages 10–11 and end puberty around 15–17; boys begin around ages 11–12 and end around 16–17. Girls attain reproductive maturity about four years after the first physical changes of puberty appear.
Role of Gender in the Aging Process
Gender influences aging's physiological, anatomical, emotional, and cognitive aspects. Research into the physiology of the aging process shows that gender differences influence it in biological processes of genetics and immunology.
As puberty starts, female brains jump to at least two years older than their physical age. Males, however, usually take until their late teen years or even early twenties to match their female peer's mental age.
The average lifespan is about 5 years longer for women than men in the U.S., and about 7 years longer worldwide, according to the study. According to a study conducted by a team of researchers from Harvard Medical, the reason why women enjoy a longer life is down to both nature as well as genes.
A 2013 review in the International Journal of Endocrinology found evidence that estrogen can prevent the kind of DNA damage that leads to disease. That review also turned up evidence that estrogen can help maintain normal, healthy cell function. These sorts of findings help explain the male-female longevity gap.
Married men and married women live, on average, two years longer than their unmarried counterparts. One reason for this longevity benefit is the influence of marital partners on healthy behaviors. Study after study shows that married people eat better and are less likely to smoke and drink excessively.
Boys reported higher life satisfaction over all. But the report highlighted some elevated risk factors for male adolescents. It found that boys were more likely to engage in physical fights and to experience injury.
Many biological markers indicate faster aging in almost all of the tissues in male bodies, Kerr said. Women get heart disease later. Their vascular health is generally better than men's, although they have more disease in small blood vessels in late life, Mielke said.
It is concluded that although girls have higher levels of motivation than boys on a number of dimensions, the two groups' fundamental motivation orientations do not appear to be markedly qualitatively different.