At the end of the 16th century, François Viète introduced the idea of representing known and unknown numbers by letters, nowadays called variables, and the idea of computing with them as if they were numbers—in order to obtain the result by a simple replacement.
Frangois Viète (Latin: Vieta), a great French mathematician, is credited with the invention of this system, and is therefore known as the "father of modern algebraic notation" [3, p. 268].
The letter is called the variable. In algebra, our goal is to find out what number can replace the variable to make the equation true. In the example above, we know that 3 + 7 = 10. So the answer would be x = 7.
In 1575 Guilielmus Xylander translated the Arithmetica of Diophantus from Greek into Latin and used N (numerus) for unknowns in equations (Cajori vol. 1, page 380). In 1591 Francois Viete (1540-1603) was the first person to use letters for unknowns and constants in algebraic equations.
The original alphabet was developed by a Semitic people living in or near Egypt. * They based it on the idea developed by the Egyptians, but used their own specific symbols. It was quickly adopted by their neighbors and relatives to the east and north, the Canaanites, the Hebrews, and the Phoenicians.
The Egyptians were the first civilization to invent different symbols for different numbers. They had a symbol for one, which was just a line.
Math is an abbreviation of mathematics, which is a count noun in British English because there are different types of maths (geometry, algebra, calculus, etc.) and a mass noun that happens to end in an 's' in American English (like gymnastics in both dialects).
Ƶ and ƶ are also used by mathematicians, scientists, and engineers as variants of Z and z in hand-written equations to avoid confusion with the numeral 2.
List of Mathematical Symbols. • R = real numbers, Z = integers, N=natural numbers, Q = rational numbers, P = irrational numbers.
By at least the 8th century BCE the Greeks borrowed the Phoenician alphabet and adapted it to their own language, creating in the process the first "true" alphabet, in which vowels were accorded equal status with consonants.
Etruscan. The Etruscan letter Z was derived from the Phoenician alphabet, most probably through the Greek alphabet used on the island of Ischia. In Etruscan, this letter may have represented /ts/.
Like the letter G, C emerged from the Phoenician letter gimel (centuries later, gimel became the third letter of the Hebrew alphabet). In ancient Rome, as the Latin alphabet was being adapted from the Greek and Etruscan alphabets, G and C became disambiguated by adding a bar to the bottom end of the C.
The P-value is known as the probability value. It is defined as the probability of getting a result that is either the same or more extreme than the actual observations.
The vertical value in a pair of coordinates. How far up or down the point is. The Y Coordinate is always written second in an ordered pair of coordinates (x,y) such as (12,5). In this example, the value "5" is the Y Coordinate. Also called "Ordinate"
A natural number is a number that occurs commonly and obviously in nature. As such, it is a whole, non-negative number. The set of natural numbers, denoted N, can be defined in either of two ways: N = {0, 1, 2, 3, ...} N = (1, 2, 3, 4, ...
Answer: Arabic numerals were written with straight lines and no curves. Each number had to represent the amount of angles contained in the number. If you put a slash across the top and the bottom of a 7 it has seven angles.
The line through the middle is useful to clearly differentiate the digit from the digit one, as the two can appear similar when written in certain styles of handwriting.
The slashed 7, explains Langer, originated in Europe as a way to differentiate between the written numbers seven and one -- which includes an extra stroke at the top that can make it resemble a steeply pointed 7. "The slash says, 'Hey, I'm really a 7,"' Langer said.
The only difference between math and maths is where they're used. Math is the preferred term in the United States and Canada. Maths is the preferred term in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Australia, and other English-speaking places.
Shocking news – the z is also British English!
Mom and Mommy are old-English words, words that are stilled used in Birmingham and most parts of the West Midlands. It is said that when people from the West Midlands went to America many years ago they took the spelling with them, hence Americans use Mom and Mommy.
Back to the Phoenicians
The Phoenicians lived near what we now call the Middle East. They invented an alphabet with 22 consonants and no vowels (A, E, I, O or U). Vowels only became part of the alphabet much later.
The Father of Math is the great Greek mathematician and philosopher Archimedes.
The first alphabet created from Egyptian hieroglyphs in the Sinai area was picked up by Phoenician traders in the 11th century BC, who adopted it and altered it to suit their own needs, as we can see in this 2,700-year-old stone seal.
The symbol ∈ indicates set membership and means “is an element of” so that the statement x∈A means that x is an element of the set A. In other words, x is one of the objects in the collection of (possibly many) objects in the set A.